Chapater 1

 cWofo : Ps

cWoog kqsf] kl/ro

!=! zLif{s          g]kfnL efiffdf Jofjxfl/s n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg M

                                  Ps cWoog

!=@ k|of]hg

            k|:t't\ cWoog kq lqe'jg ljZjljBfno lzIff zf:q ;ª\;sfo ,:gfts tx, rf}yf] jif{sf] kf7\ofz ''Jofjxfl/s n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg -$$^_''ljifosf] cfGtl/s tyf jfXo d"Nof8\sgsf] cflzs cfjZostf k"/f ug{sf] nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] .

                   dfgj ;d"bfodf b}lgs ?kdf cfaZos kg{] / Jofjxf/sf] nflu clt cfjZos kg{] dxTjk"0f{ s'/fx? ;d]6L tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . o;af6 Jofjxf/df cfOkg{] ;ffgfltgf s'/fx? 3/s} ;b:ox?af6 ;dfwfg ug{ ;Sg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . Jofjxfl/s s'/fx? x/]s 3/sf ;b:ox?n] hfGg} kg{] ePsfn] Totfklg nlIft ul/Psf] o; k|of]hgaf6 Jofjxfl/s ;d:of 6g{] cfzf ul/Psf] 5 .

!=# cWoogsf] k[i7e"ld

k|:t't\ cWoog kq lqe'jg ljZjljBfno lzIff zf:q ;8\sfo, :gfts tx rf}yf] jif{sf] kf7\ofz Jofjxfl/s n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg -$$^_ ljifosf] cfGtl/s tyf afXo d"Nof8\sgsf] k|of]ufy{ tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . dfgjx?;Fu b}lgs hLjgofkgsf ljleGg cj:yfx?df ljleGg If]q;Fu ;DalGwt eP/ /xg' k5{ . sltko JolStx? ;fdfGo eGbf ;fdfGo s'/fdf cglj1 eP/ a:g'kg{] ca:yf / c?sf] cfzf u/]/ ;fgf]sfo{sf] nflu c?s} d'v tfSg] cj:yfnfO{ ;se/ Go"g u/]/ Jofjxf/df cfPkg{] ;fdfGo s'/fx?sf] n]vfkl9 cfkm} ug{ ;s'g eGg] d"npb]Zo /x]sf] 5 . cfhsf] o'udf klg Pp6fn] csf{]sf] k"0f{e/ kg{'kg{] ca:yf eg]sf] ;'xfpFbf] gePsf]n] Jofjxfl/s s'/fx? a'em]/ hLjgofkgdf ;xhtf k|fKt x'g ;sf]; eGg] tkm{klg o;sf] em'sfj /x]sf] 5 . ljBfy{L{x?df cfkm'n] b]v]sf, ;'g]sf s'/fx?nfO{ plrt 98\uaf6 JoSt ug{ ;s'g cfkmgf efjgfnfO{ lnlvt ?kdf JoSt ub{f pgLx?df s'g}klg b'lawf gxf]; eGg] nIo lnPsf] 5 . To;}n] o; cWoog kqdf cg'R5]b n]vg tyf Jofjxfl/s n]vg,k|zf;lgs n]vg,sfg'gL n]vg,a}s tyf ljtLo sf/f]af/ ;DalGwt n]vg / cGtdf efiff ;Dkfbg tyf kf08'lnlksf ;Dkfbg;Fu ;DalGwt zLif{s / pkzLif{ssf] kl/ro / gd"gf b]vfOPsf] 5 . ljljw k|sf/sf Jofjxfl/s n]vg tyf ;Dkfbgsf nflu kf7of8\zn] lgb{]zg u/]sf] 5 . ltgsf] ;}bflGts kl/ro tyf pbfx/0fsf] rr{f o; cWoog kqdf ul/Psf] 5 . cGTodf lgisif{ tyf ;'emfjx? ;d]t k|:t't\ ul/Psf] 5 .

!=$ cWoogsf] p2]Zo

Jofjxfl/s n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg -g]kf=lz $$^_ kf7\of8\zdf lgwf{l/t PsfO{ @-* sf ;a} pkzLif{ssf] kl/ro / ltgsf] gd"gf ;lxt rrf{ ug'{ / lgisif{ tyf pko'St ;'emfj ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ o; cWoog kqsf] pb]Zo xf] . dfgjLo Jofjxf/df cfOkg{] ofjts'/fx?sf] hfgsf/L ug{' u/fpg' g} o;sf k|d'v pb]Zo /xg] 5 .

!=% cWoogsf] cfwf/

k|:t't\ cWooogkq d"nt:lzIffzf:q ,:gfts tx rf}yf] jif{sf] Jofjxfl/s n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg -g]kf=lz $$^_ljifosf] kf7\of8\zn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] @) c8\ssf] k|of]ufTds d"Nof8\sg cGt{ut tof/ kfg{'kg{] cfGtl/s tyf jfXo k/LIf0fsf lgLdt tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . of] cWoog kq tof/ ubf{ k':tsfnoLo cWoog k|ls|ofaf6 ;fdfu|L ;8\sng ul/Psf] 5 . lgb{]zssf] k/fdz{ tyf ;8\sng u/L lgwf{l/t 9fFrfdf k|:t't\ ul/Psf] 5 .  

cWofo-b'O{

ljifoj:t'sf] ljZn]if0f

@=! cg'R5]bsf] kl/ro

s'g} ljifo jf zLif{sdf s]lGb|t eP/ Psf]Gd'v cleJoSt k|jfxdf n]lvPsf] jfSo ;d"xsf] ;8\u7g jf /rgfnfO{ k'li6 ug{] u/L lnlvt ?kdf k|s6 ul/g] ljrf/ ,wf/0ff,efj cflbsf] ;f/e"t cleJolSt cg'R5]b xf] . ljifo If]qsf b[li6n] cg'R5]b ljljw k|s[ltsf x'G5g\ j:t'k/s, cfTdk/s, cfn8\sfl/s, ljrf/fTds jf tfls{s, ljZn]if0ffTds, ljj/0ffTds, lgb{]lzt :jtGq cfVofgfTds cflb .

cg'R5]b n]vg ;/rgfdf tLg efu x'G5g . kl/ro,dWo / cGTo efu kl/ro zLif{s;Fu ;DalGwt Ps jf b'O{ jfSo x'G5g . o:tf] jfSo nfO{ zLif{ jfSo klg elgG5 .zLif{ jfSodf g} cg'R5]bleq k|:t't\ ul/Psf ;Df:t ljifo j:t' ;ul7t ePsf x'G5g\ .dWo efudf ljifo If]qsf] lj:tfl/t efu xf] . o; efudf ljifo If]qdf lglb{i6 ljrf/ jf efjnfO{ k'li6 ug{ ljljw pbfx/0f,;'rgf,b[i6fGt,JofVofg k|:t't\ ul/G5 .cGTo efudf cg'R5]bsf] lgisif{ jf pk;xf/ / cfjZostf cg';f/ 5f]6f] ;'emfa k|:t't\ ul/G5 .

 

@=@ cg'R5]bsf] k|sf/

@=@=! cfTdk/s cg'R5]bsf] kl/ro

s'g} ljifo jf zLif{snfO lnP/ cfkmgf] dgdf nfu]sf cg'ej JoSt ul/g] cg'R5]bnfO{ cfTdk/s cg'R5]b elgG5 . o;df d xfdL,cfkm' k|yd k'?ifLo z}nL k|of]u ul/G5 .of] :jtGq n]vg xf], o;nfO{ lghfTds klg elgG5 . JolStn] cfkmgf cg'e"'ltx? nfO{ :jR5Gb 98\uaf6 k|:t't\ ug'{ cfTdk/s cg'R5]b xf] . o;df sfNklgstf /xG5 .

d]/f] b]z

d]/f] b]z g]kfn ;f}Gb{on] el/k"0f{ ePsf] b]z k|fs[lts ?kdf wgL ePsf] xf] . lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO{ ldn]/ ag]sf] k|s[ltsf] cg'kd cb\e"t vfgL d]/f] b]zdf 5 . rf/ hft 5lt; j0f{sf] ;femf km'njf/L ePsf] d]/f] b]z ax'efifL / ax' ;:s[ltn] el/k"0f{ ePsf] d]/f] b]z d'6' eGbf Kof/f] b]z ljZjsf] ;jf{Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyf, zflGtsf b't uf}td a'bsf] hGd :yn ePsf] , cg'kd P]ltxfl;s , ;fdflhs, ;f:s[lts k'/ftflTjs / k|fs[lts ;|f]tn] cGo d"n's eGbf leGg /x]sf] 5 . hf]sf]lxsf] klg dg d'6'df a:g ;Sg] d]/f] Kof/f] b]z

@@=@  j:t'k/s cg'R5]bsf] kl/ro

s'g} ljifodf lznl;nfa b ?kdf n]lvg] cg'R5]bnfO{ j:t'k/s cg'R5]b elgG5 . o;df j:t' ljz]ifsf cfsf/ k|sf/, u'0f ljz]iftf cflbsf] af/]df oyfy{ ljj/0f k|:t't\ ul/G5 . of] j0f{gfTds lsl;dsf] x'G5 . o;df sfNklgstf eGbf oyfy{ s'/fx?sf] lrq0f ul/G5 . s'g} klg j:t'sf af/]df To;df /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{tfsf] oyfy{ {v'nfpg' j:t'k/s cg'R5]b xf] eGg ;lsG5 .        

 

gd"gf cg'R5]b

dfgj a]rlavg

dfgj a]rlavg eg]sf] s'g} pb]Zon] dflg;nfO{ lsGg] laRg] sfd xf] . dfgj a]rlavg eg]sf] Pp6f h3Go ck/fw xf] . dfgj a]rlavg dfga a]rlavg d"Vot:cljsl;t  / cNkljsl;t b]zdf x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . ul/a kl/jf/sf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ufpFsf] 7"nf] 7fn' egf}bfx?n] kmsfO{km'NofO{ cg]sf} ;kgf b]vfO{ wgsf] nf]edf kfl/ hflu/ nufO{lbg] afxfgfdf dfga a]rlavg u/]sf] kfO{G5 . of] ck/fwnfO{ cGTo ug{] xf] eg] ufpF 6f]n x/]s a:tL a:tLdf hgr]tgf emNsg] gf/f nufpg] , b]zdf s8f eGbf s8f sf/afxL ug{] vfnsf] sfg'g agfpg ;s] dfq b]zsf afnlnsf , dlxnfx?n] zfGtLsf] ;f; km]g{ kfpg]5g\ .

 

@=@=# cfn8\sfl/s cg'R5]bsf] kl/ro

s'g} ljifo jf zLif{sdf s]lGb|t eP/ n]vg sfo{ ubf{ ljleGg cfn8\sf/sf] k|of]u u/L j0f{g ul/g] cg'R5]bnfO{ g} cfn8\sfl/s cg'R5]b elgG5 . o:tf] cg'R5]bdf laDa / k|tLsx?sf] ;of]hgaf6 laifoj:t' k|:t't ul/G5 . k|fo:o:tf] cg'R5]b ;flxlTos n]vgdf dfq k|of]u x'G5 . ;flxTosf/n] s'g} klg ck|:t't\ s'/fnfO{ k|:t't\ u/]/ b]vfpg' o;sf gd"gf x'g\ .

 

cg'R5]bsf] gd"gf

g]kfn

ljZjsf] ;a} eGbf 7"nf] dxflbk Pl;ofsf] ljzfn w/ftnLo k|fs[lts eJod~rdf ;;f/s} ;jf{Rj lzv/ ;u/dfyfsf] blIf0f sfvdf ljBdfg k|s[ltsf] ;'Gb/ ;Gtltsf] ?kdf g]kfn /x]sf] 5 . ;a}sf] cfFvfsf] gfgLdf kg{] b]z g]kfn xf] . km|"naf/Ldf km'n]sf cl;ldt ;f}bo{n] el/k"0f{ km"n em} ljleGg hfthflt wd{ , ;:s[ltn] el/k"0f{ ePsf] g]kfndf cg'kd P]ltxfl;s, ;fdflhs, ;f:s[lts / k|fs[lts ul/dfdon] 9fs]/ zf]efPdfg agfPsf] 5 . 

@=@=$ tfls{s jf ljrf/fTds

s'g} ljifo jf zLif{snfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ To;sf af/]df ts{k"0f{ / j}rfl/s cleJolSt ul/g] n]vgnfO{ tfls{s jf ljrf/fTds cg'R5]b elgG5 . h'g;'s} k|s[ltsf] ljifoj:t' k|of]u u/] klg o;df ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt uxlsnf] / ts{k"0f{ ljrf/ k|s6 ul/Psf] x'G5 .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/L

Ps b]zsf] gful/s csf{] b]zdf uP/ cyf{]kfhgsf] pb]Zon] sfd ug{' g} j}b]lzs /f]huf/L xf] . cfh g]kfn ljZjsf ljleGg d"n'sdf /f]huf/Lsf lglDt o'jfo'jtLx? Kf7fpg] b]zx?dWo] cu|k8\ltdf /x]sf] b]zsf] ?kdf kl/lrt 5 . s] o;k|sf/sf] kl/ron] g]kfnL Oltxf;sf] ul/dfnfO{ wfg]sf] 5< xf],sltko o'jfo'jtLx? /x/n] klg cfkmgf] ynf] 5f]8]/ ljb]zLG5g\ t/, w]/}

h;f]sf] kL8f a]Un} 5 . dflg;x? oxfF b'O{ 5fs 6fg{ g;s]/ ef]sd/Ldf 56kl6P/ ef}tfl/g' k/]sf] kL8f w]/} 5 . pgLx?sf] Tof] afWotfnfO{ s;}n] a'emg rfx]sf 5}gg\ . ljb]zdf /x]/ cfkmgf] 3/-kl/jf/ / b]znfO{ ;lDembf pgLx?sf] dg slt b'V5 xf]nf <;a}n] ljb]lzg' /x/ xf]Og afWotf xf] eGg] a'lemlbo slt /fd|f] x'GYof] xf]nf . ;/sf/n] :jb]zd} /f]huf/L l;h{gf ug{ ;s] j}b]lzs /f]hfuf/L k|ltsf] cfsif{0f klg 36\b} hfg] lyof] .

@=@=% ljZn]if0ffTds cg'R5]b

s'g} klg ljifoj:t'sf] ulx/fOdf k'u]/ To;sf ;sf/fTds -gsf/fTds ,;an- b'a{n h:tf kIfsf] vf]h,cg';Gwfg u/L k|fKt tYox?sf] j0f{g JofVof / ljZn]if0f u/L lgisif{ ;d]t lbP/ n]lvPsf] cg'R5]b nfO{ ljZn]if0ffds cg'R5]b elgG5 .o:tf] cg'R5]bdf n]vsn] tYodf cfwfl/t eO{ ljifoj:t[nfO{ s]nfpg] sfo{ ub{5g .

g]kfnsf] hn;Dkbf

g]kfn k|fs[lts ;Dkbfsf b[li6n] Ps ;DkGg d'n[s xf] .oxf vlgh tyf  hn>f]t w]/} 5g\ .g]kfnsf] ue{ / 5ftLdf kof{Kt hnf;o jf hnk|jfx ljBdfg 5g\ . 5fFuf / 5x/fx? clj/n jlu/xG5g\ .ljleGg cj:yfdf /x]sf kfgLsf] ;dLi6 ?k g} hn;Dbf xf] .kfgLaf6 lgsflnPsf] ljB'tn] snsf/vfgfn rnfpg dbt u/]sf] 5 . hn;Dkbfsf] k|of]un] l;FrfO{sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . hn ;Dkbfsf] b[li6n] ljZjs} bf];|f] wlg /fi6 dflgPsf] g]kfnnfO{ ;d'Ggt agfpg hn;Dkbfn] ljlzi6 e"ldsf v]Ng ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

@=@=^  efjgfTds cg'R5]bsf] kl/ro

                 Effj jf ljrf/df s]lGb|t eP/ sfNklgs ?kdf n]lvPsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ efjgfTds cg'R5]b elgG5 . o:tf] cg'R5]bdf s'g} zLif{sdf s]lGb|t cg'ejnfO{ n]vsn] cfkmgf efjsf] /8\u nufP/ k|:t't\ ub{5g\ o:tf] cg'R5]bnfO{ efjk/s,efjgfTds jf efjdo cg'R5]b elgG5 .         

 

d]/f] hLjgsf] nIo

x/]s sd{lzn dfgjn] cfkmgf] hLjgofqfnfO{ ;s'zn uGtJosf] ljGb"df k'o|fpg] nIo lnP h:t} d]/f] nIo klg cfkmg} k|sf/sf] /x]sf] 5 . d}n] hLjgsf] piffsfnb]lv hLjgsf k|To]s kndf cfkmgf] hLjgnfO{ lglZrt nIosf] uf]/]6f]df lx8\g] ljrf/ u/]sf] 5 . d]/f] hLjgsf] nIo ufpFsf] ;]jf ug{] xf] . To;}n] d cfkm'nfO{ cfkm' hGd]sf] ufpF k|lt ;dly{t ug{ rfxfG5' .

 

@=@=& lgb{]lzt cg'R5]bsf] kl/ro

lbPsf] lgb{]zgfTds a'Fbfdf cfwfl/t eP/ tof/ ul/g] cg'R5]bnfO{ lgb{]zgfTds cg'R5]b elgG5 . o:tf] cg'R5]b n]vgsf nflu zLif{s / cg'R5]b tof/ kfg{ s]lx a'Fbf lbOPsf] x'G5 .

 

gd"gf

           ul/aL lgjf/0f : g]kfnsf] k|d'v ;d:of

Af'bfx? s_ ul/jLsf] ;d:ofn] hgtf ;tfOPsf / lklN;Psf 5g\ .

       v_ Go"g cfly{s j[l4b/ u}/ s[lif If]qsf] k|efj /fhlgtLs / k/Dk/fut ;fdflhs dfGotfn] ul/jL lgjf/0f ug{ g;Sg' .

       u_ ul/jL lgjf/0f ljleGg of]hfgf cjlwdf Go"g ug{] nIo /flvPsf]

            

g]kfn blIf0f Pl;ofsf] e"kl/j]li7t d"n's xf] o; leq cg]sf} ;d:ofx? ljBdfg 5g\ . tL ;d:of dWo ul/aL klg Ps xf] . ul/aLsf] ;d:ofn] oxfFsf clwsf+z hgtfx? ;tfOPsf / lklN;Psf 5g\ . ul/jLsf sf/0f g]kfnL hgtfsf ;fy} g]kfnn] klg ;f]r] h:t} k|ult ug{ ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . Go"g cfly{s ul/jL lgjf/0f ul/aL lgjf/0f j[l4b/ ,u}/ s[lif If]qsf] k|efj /fhlglts / k/Dk/fu ;fdflhs dfGotfn] ul/jL lgjf/0f ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . g]kfn ul/aL lgjf/0f ljleGg of]hgf cjlwdf Go"g ug{] nIo /flvPsf] 5 .

 

@=@=* ljj/0ffTds cg'R5]bsf] kl/ro                                                                   

s'g} ljifosf ljljw kIfsf] ;fdfGo ljj/0f lbO{ n]lvg] cg'R5]bnfO{ ljj/0ffTds cg'R5]b elgG5 . cg'R5]bdf ljifo zLif{s , ;DalGwt tYosf] hfgsf/L u/fpg] pb]Zo o;n] lnPsf] x'G5 .

 

gd"gf

                                     ul/aL

          ul/aL eg]sf] cfkmgf b}lgs cfwf/e"t cfjZostfx? k"/f ug{] g;Sg\' xf] . ul/aL zAbn] cefjnfO{ hgfpF5 . h"g dflg; ;Fu cfly{s cefj x'G5 Tof] dflg; ul/aLsf] cj:yfdf 5 eGg ;lsG5

 

   ljZjdf dfgj ;Eotfn] ljsf;;Fu} hGDof] / x'Sof{] . cflbd o'udf ;a} dflg; ul/aLn] cfs|fGt lyP . t/, dflg;n] k|s[ltdfly ljho kfpg yfn]kl5 ul/aLsf] dfqf sd xF'b} uPsf] 5 . g]kfn h:tf cNkljsl;t d"n'sx?df eg] ul/aL Ps hLjg rof{ h:t} x'g k'u]sf] 5 .h;sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ cNkljsl;t d"n'ssf dflg;x? cfkmgf b}lgs cfjZostf kl/k'lt{ ug{ g;s]/ si6s/ hLjg sf6\g jfWo 5g\ . Pp6f ul/a dflg; ul/ad} hGdG5, x's{G5 / To;d} db{5 t/, ul/aL eg] slxNo} db}{g . o:tf h] h:tf gfd lbOPtfklg kl5Nnf] ;dodf g]kfn h:tf cNkljsl;t d"n'sx?df ul/aL pGd'ng ug{ ljleGg sfo{s|dx? ;~rfngdf cfPsf 5g\ . h"g of]hgfsf] plrt sfo{Gjog ePdf ul/aLnfO{ 36fpg ;lsG5 .

 

@=@=( cfVofgfTds cg'R5]bsf] kl/ro

                s'g} 36gf jf rl/qsf ls|ofsnfknfO{ s|da4 ?kdf k|:t't\ ul/Psf] cg'R5]bnfO{ cfVofTds cg'R5]b elgG5 . o:tf] cg'R5]bnfO{ sygfTds cg'R5]b klg elgG5 .

gd"gf

                            sd{cg';f/ kmn

Pp6f ufpFdf /fd eGg] s]6f a:Yof]. pm ;w} em'6f] af]NYof] / c?nfO{ b':v lbGYof]. Ps lbg pm afvf| r/fpg uof] . hªun glhs v]tdf ls;fg sfd ul//x]sf lyP . pgLx?nfO{ em'Sofpg /fdn] ''u'xf/ u'xf/ af3n] d]/f] afvf| vfof]'' eg]/ lrRofof] . ;f]emf ls;fg /fdnfO{ d4t ug{ hªun tkm{ uP . /fd ?vdf r9]/ ls;fg cfPsf] b]v]/ xfF:of] . afvf| hªundf rl//x]sf lyP . of] b]v]/ ls;fgx? /fdnfO{ ufnL ub{} cfkmgf] sfddf nfu] . /fdn] k6s-k6s ls;fgnfO{ em'Sofof] . s]lx lbgkl5 ls;fgn] /fdsf] s'/f kTofpg 5f]8] . Ps lbg ;fFRr} af3 cfof]. /fd ?vdf r9\of] / ''u'xf/ u'xf/ af3n] d]/f] afvf| vfof] ''eg]/ lrRofof] .

ls;fgn] ;'g]/ klg sf]lx klg uPgg\ . af3n] ;a} afvf| vfof] . /fdn] s]lx ug{ ;s]g . syfn] h:tf] sfd ul/G5 To:t} kl/0ffd kfOG5 eGg] ;Gb]z lbPsf] 5 .

#=! Jofjxfl/s n]vgsf] 9fFrf

#=!=! lr7L

Effiffsf dfWod 4f/f cfkmgf ljrf/x? c?;Dd k'of|pg tof/ ul/g] lnlvt ;Gb]znfO{ g} lr7L elgG5 . lr7L kq cgf}krfl/s / cf}krfl/s b'a} k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . lr7L n]vgsf dfWodn] Ps csf{df ;'dw'/ ldqtf ufF:g , Jofkf/ jfl0fHodf ;'wf/ Nofpg] pb]Zon] n]lvG5 . lr7L d"nt:# k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . 3/fo;L, Jofkfl/s / sfo{nLo .

#=!=!=! 3/fo;L lr7L

         Ps JolStn] csf{ JolStnfO{ cg}krfl/s ?kdf cfkmgf dgdf /x]sf efjgf kf]vL n]lvg] lr7LnfO{ 3/fo;L kq elgG5 . JolStut lr7L :jtGq ?kdf cfkmg} z}nLdf n]Vg ;lsG5 . JolStut lr7Ldf gftf cg';f/sf] ;Daf]wg, clejfbgsf zAbx?sf] k|of]u ul/G5 .

3/fo;L lr7Lsf] gd"gf

;x/df k9\g a;]sf] efO{nfO{ ljb]zL ;+:s[ltsf] cGwfg's/0f gug{ / cfkmgf] ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f ug{ ;Nnfx lbFb} n]Vg'xf];\ .

 

Kof/f] efO{ ;'lbk,                                                                ldtL @)&^-)( -!%

z'ecflz{jfb Û                                                                  emfkf, bds

ltdLn] k7fPsf]] kq lxhf] dfq xft ko|f] . ltdLnfO{ cf/fd} ePsf] yfxf kfpFbf v';L nfUof] . oxfF d nufPt ;Dk"0f{ kl/jf/nfO{ cf/fd} 5 . ltdL cfkmgf] ;'gf}nf] eljio lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu ;x/df k9\g a;]sf 5f} . of] s'/f ltdLn] lal;{Ph:tf] cg'e"lt dnfO{ ePsf] 5 . kNnf3/] ;fOnf ;x/af6 cl:t 3/ kms{] . pgsf s'/f ;'Gbf ltdL cfkmgf] wd{, ;+:s[lt la;{]/ ljb]zL ;:+s[lt tkm{ cfs{lift ePsf 5f} eGg] ;'g]sf] 5' . ltd|f] hLjgz}nLdf b]lvPsf] kl/jt{gsf] s'/f ;'Gbf t dnfO{ cToGt b':v nfUyf] . ;dod} cfkmgf] ;+:s[ltsf] dxTj a'em]/ ltdL ;lx dfu{df cufl8 a9\g]5f} eGg] cfzdf d of] kq n]Vb} 5' .

;dosf] dfun] xf] jf c?sf] gSsndf /dfpg] afgLn] xf] lxhf] cfh g]kfnLnfO{ ljb]zL ;+:s[ltn] lgs} cfs{lift u/]sf] kfOG5 . ltdL t cfkm'n] lzIffsf] Hof]tL kfPkl5 ufpFsf ;f/f dflg;nfO{ To;n] k|Hjlnt agfpg] ;kgf af]s]/ ;x/df k;]sf] dfG5] km]l/ s;/L ljb]zL ;+:s[ltsf] afl9df x]lng k'Uof}< xfd|f] cfkmgf] klxrfg eg]sf] , cfkmgf] cl:tTj eg]sf] g} xfd|f] ;+:s[lt xf] , xfd|f] k/Dk/f xf] clg xfd|f] ;Eotf xf] . cfkmgf] ;+:s[ltaf6 dfq} xfd|f] df}lnstf emNsG5 . hf] csf{sf] ;+:s[ltdf 9lNsG5 , csf{sf] ;+:s[lt / kl/j]zdf lx8\5 Tof] dflg;n] cfkmgf] ;+:s[ltdf cfuf] nufpg] sfd ub{5 ,Tolx cfuf]df cfkmgf] kl/ro v/fgL agfpF5 . ;+:sltn] g} xfd|f] hftLo cl:tTjnfO{ ;'/lIft agfpF5 . To;}n] ltdL ca :jb]zL ;+:s[lt cfTd;fy ug{tkm{ nfu / cfh}sf ldtLb]lv ljb]zL ;+:s[ltsf] cGwfg's/0f Tofu]/ cfkmgf] nIo k|flKttkm{ cu|;/ ag . wd{, ;+:s[lt , k/Dk/f , /Lltl/jfh , rf8kj{, e]ife"iff cflb xfd|f] cfkmgf] xf] , xfd|f] /fli6o hLjgz}nL o;d} emNsG5 . o;} ljz]iftfn] xfdL ljZjdf g]kfnsf] kl/ro af]sL cfTd;Ddfgsf] cg'e"lt ug{ ;S5f} .

          cfkmgf] ;+:s[ltsf] /Iff g} hLjgsf] dfGg]x? ltd|f] cfbz{ x'g'k5{ . g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] kl/ronfO{ ;'/lIft agfpg tkm{ nfUg'k5{ . ljb]zLx?sf cToGt /fd|fs'/fx? 5g\ eg] dfq l:jsfg{'k5{ t/ , cfkmg' klxrfg e'Ng'x'Fb}g .To;}n] ca ltdL Psk6s ulDe/ eP/ ljrf/ u/ . kSs} klg ltd|f] 3}6fdf 3fd nfUg]5 . ljb]zL ;+:s[ltsf] e"t efUg]5 . clg /fi6k|]d / ;+:s[ltk|]dsf] efjgf hfUg]5 . casf] kqdf ltd|f] cfFvf v'n]sf] / ljrf/df kl/jt{g cfPsf] s'/f n]Vg]5f} eGg] cfzfdf kq 6'ª\Uofp5' . afFsL s'/f ltd|f] kq k|fKt ePkl5 n]v'Fnf . clxn]nfO{ olt g} .

                                                                                ltdLnfO{ dfof ug{] bfh"

                                                           k|ljg vgfn 

 

vfdsf] gd"gf

k|fks ;'lbk e§/fO{ emfkf ,bds+                                                                                                                                                                                      k|]ifs                                                       k|ljg vgfn                                                  sf7df8f}

 

#=!=!=@ Jofkfl/s lr7Lsf] gd"gf

cfjZos k/]sf k':tsx?sf] pNn]v ub}{ tL k':ts k7fOlbg h'lk6/ lk|lG6ª P08 klAnl;Î xfp;nfO{ n]lvPsf] kq

>L >]i7 k':ts k;n

xl/jg,;nf{xL

 

k=; )&^÷&&                    ljifoM k':tsx? k7fO{lbg] af/] .

r=g=+ ()                     

>Ldfg\ Joj:yfks Ho" ,              

H'lk6/ lk|lG6ª P08 klAnl;Î P08 a's ;Knfo;{ afuahf/ ,sf7df8f}

xl/jg l:yt o; k':ts k;nn] To; k|sfzg¢f/f k|sflzt k':tsx? ljut s]xL jif{b]lv ljt/0f ub}{ cfPsf] s'/f oxfFnfO{ cjut g} 5 . xfn To; k|sfzg4f/f k|sflzt tkl;n adf]lhd k':tsx? cfjZos k/]sfn] o; k':ts k;nsf] 7]ufgffdf oyfzL3| k7fOlbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . pQm k':tssf] d'No jfkt nfUg] /sdsf] vftffdf k7fPsf] hfgsf/L u/fpFb5' .

tklzn

!_ :gfts  clgjfo{ g]kfnL — !) k|lt

@_ cg';Gwfg ljlw —* k|lt

#_ Jofjxfl/s n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg —!) k|lTf

                                                                               Kf|f]= xl/ >]i7

>L >]i7 k':ts k;n

#=!=!=# sfof{noLo lr7L

s'g} klg sfof{nonfO{ jf sfo{non] JolSt jf sfof{nonfO{ n]Vg] lr7LnfO{ sfof{noLo lr7L elgG5 . o:tf] kq sfof{noLo sfdsf nflu n]lvG5 .

sfof{noLo lr7Lsf] gd"gf

       laB't nfO{gdf cfPsf] ;d:ofsf] hfgsf/L u/fpFb} dd{tsf nflu ljB"t k|flBs/0fnfO{ n]lvPsf] kq .

 

 

>L sfo{no k|d'v Ho" ,                                   ldlt M@)&^÷)&÷@^

ljB't ljt/0f s]Gb|

l;Gw'lndfl9 ,l;Gw'ln        

                    ljifoM ljB"t nfOg dd{tfsf nflu sd{rf/L k7fOlbg] af/] .

dxf]bo,

       pk{o'St ;DaGwdf o; xl/jg g=kf=& df /x]sf] 6«fG;ld6/df kfFr lbgb]lv ;d:of b]lvP/ ljB't cj?¢ ePsf] 5 .ljB't cj/f]wsf sf/0f sl/j $)) 3/w'/Ldf ;Df:of ePsf] xF'bf dd{tsf nflu sfof{noaf6 sd{rf/L k7fOlbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .

eljbo

;/f]h lwdfn

 

#=!=@ lgj]bg

       s'g} klg JolSt jf ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] ;d:of b;f{O{ jf s'g} hfgsf/Lsf nflu csf{] sfo{no,;+:yf jf JolStnfO{ n]lvg] lnvtnfO{ lgj]bg elgG5 . o;nfO{ cfj]bg jf b/vf:t klg elgG5 .

lgj]bgsf] gd"gf

ldlt M @)&^÷)&÷@^

>Ldfg\ sfof{no k|d'v ,

Gf]kfn 6]lnsd

Zfvf sfof{no ;'v]kf]v/L,;nf{xL

ljifo M 6]lnkmf]g nfO{g dd{tsf nflu sd{rf/L k7fO{lbg] af/] .

dxf]bo,

pko{'Qm ;DjGwdf o; l;l¢ljgfos art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;'v]kf]v/L g=kf & tfOjfgsf] 6]lnkmf]g nfOgdf s]lx lbgb]lv ;d:of b]lvPsfn] dd{tsf nflu sfof{no af6 sd{rf/L k7fO{lbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .

                                                                 ------------------

cWoIf

                                                                             xl/s[i0f pk|]tL

 

#=!=# ;"rgf

      s'g} JolSQm jf ;++++:yfn] ;/f]sf/ /fVg] ;j}nfO{ nlIft u/L ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sflzt ul/g] lnlvt cleJolQmnfO{ ;'rgf elgG5 . o:tf] ;'rgfnfO{ kqklqsf jf /]l8of]af6 k|;f/0f,k|sflzt ul/G5 .

k|b]z ;/sf/

cfGtl/s dfldnf tyf sfg'g dGqfno

k|b]z gM @

hgsk'/wfd,wg'iff g]kfn

                                                                                  ldltM @)&^÷)&÷@^

;fj{hlgs ljbf ;DalGw ;"rgf

k|b]z ;/sf/sf] ldlt @)&^÷&÷@^ sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ lj=; @)&^ k'; !@ ut] ;f]djf/ ;f]gfd Nxf];f/sf] lbg k|b]ze/ ;fj{hlgs ljbfsf] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xF'bf ;Dalwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

                                                                 --------------------

                                                                                             /fj0f ltdlN;gf

lg =;lrj

#=!+=$ lj1fkg

       s'g} klg s'g} s'/fsf] ;fJf{hlgs ?k ;j{;fwf/0fdf hfgsf/L k''¥ofpg] pb]Zon] k|:t't\ ul/Psf] lnlvt jf k|;fl/t ;fdfu|LnfO{{ lj1fkg elgG5 . /]l8of],6]lnlehg,/Îd~r ;fj{hlgs :ynx? o;sf dfWod x'g\ . o;sf] k|:t'lt /f]rs clg 3f]rs vfnsf] x'g'k5{ .

 

 v'zLsf] va/ Û                    v'zLsf] va/ ÛÛ                v'zLsf] va/ ÛÛÛ

 

                     laxfgsf] Ps r':sLn] atfpF5 tkfO{sf] lbg

                                  cfˆg} aufgsf] tfhf

:jfb / ;Gt'li6sf] ld>0f                                          !)) u|fdsf]

lr/l~hjL lrof ahf/df ;j{q pknAw 5 .                       ?= %) dfq

                     vf]hL vf]hL k|of]u u/

 

#=!=% /l;b

            ;fdfgsf] vl/b las|L;Fu ;DalGwt sfuhL k|df0fnfO{ /l;b elgG5 . ;fdfg jf lhG;L vl/b las|L ePkl5 To;sf] ldlt, j:t'sf] gfd,d"No b/,kl/0ffd, s'n /sd pNn]v u/L laqm]tfn] qm]tfnfO{ lbG5g\ .

/l;bsf] gd""gf

 

/fh' k':ts k;n               ldltM @)&^÷@÷@)                          Go'/]gL, dsjfgk'/ /l;b g+ %)# Gffd MZofd ;fksf]6f   qm=; ljj/0f kl/df0f b/ /sd != sfkL @$ #) ^^) @= snd !@ !) !))                                                          hDdfM&^) cIf]?kLM ;ft ;o ;f7ÝL dfq   a'emfpg]                                                            a'lemlng]

 

#=!=^ ekf{O{

              ljleGg lsl;dsf] n]gb]g lng] JolQmn] lbg] k|df0f :j?k ul/lbg] sfuh jf n]vf]6nfO{ ekf{O{ elgG5 . o;sf ljleGg ?k x'G5g\ . n]gb]gsf] sfo{ pkof]u x'g] Ps k|sf/sf] sfuhL sfo{ ePsfn] ekf{O{ a'lemlng] / a'emfpg] b'a}sf] ;lx 5fk ugf{n] bf]xf]/f] k|df0f ;'/lIft x'G5 .

 

ekf{O{sf] gd"gf

ekf{O{ bfFb} d]nDlr g=kf=j8f g=& a:g] /d]z bfxfn cfu] tkfO{ & afnu+uf a:g] gj/fh >]i7n] sdfpg' ePsf] d]/f] d]nDlr g=kf=& sf] ls=g=@)& sf] d]/f] v]t /f]kgL !)-) -) sf] @)&^ ;fnsf] afnL wfg d'/L $ cfhsf] ldltdf a'emfpg Nofpg'ePsf]n] a'lemlnO \to;sf] ekf{O{ ul/lbP. d'sfd d]/f] 3/ bnfg xf] . Olt ;Djt\ @)&^ ;fn ebf} ^ ut] /f]h $ z'ed\===============   bfFof              afFof                                 x:tfIf/=====================

 

#=!=& dGh'/Lgfdf

ljleGg Jofjxfl/s sfo{sf ;Gb{edf cfkm' pkl:tt x'g g;ls c? s'g} JolQm¢f/f ;DkGg u/fpg' kg{] ePdf cfˆgf] clwsf/ lbO{ n]lvPsf] sfuhnfO{ dGh'/Lgfdf elgG5 .

                       

dGh'/Lgfdfsf] gd"gf

>Ldfg\ SofDk; k|d'v Ho",                            ldlt M  @)&^÷)&÷!@

kz'klt ax'd'lv SofDk;\, sf7df8f} 

                         ljifoM dGh'/Lgfdf af/] .

dxf]bo,

d}n] o; SofDk;df @)&%÷&^ z}lIfs ;qdf egf{ eO{ lgoldt ?kdf la=P8 ptL0f{ u/]sf] 5' . To; SofDk;af6 k|bfg ul/g] rfl/lqs k|df0fkq lng d pkl:yt x'g ;lsg . t;y{, o; dGh'/Lgfdf lnO cfpg] lgDglnlvt x:tfIf/ ePsf >L /d]z bfxfnnfO{ d]/f] rfl/lqs k|df0fkq lbg'x'g >Ldfg\ ;dIf cg'/f]w ub{5' . o; ;DjGwdf d}n] kl5 s'g} ph'/ ug{] 5}g . >Ldfg\sf] hf] cfb]z .

ljj/0f

==================

/d]z bfxfn                                                                          lgj]bs,

x:tfIf/sf] gd"gf                                                                      xl/ yfkf 

 

#=!=*   lg0f{o clen]v

Jofjxfl/s n]vgsf ;Gb{edf a}7s eg]sf] s'g} ;ef, cfof]u, kl/ifb, ljifo, ;d'bfo tyf ;dfhsf dflg; jf ;+:yfsf ;b:ox?sf] s'g} ljz]if lg0f{o ug{] jf 5nkmn ug{sf nflu tof/ kf/]/ clen]v /fVgsf nflu agfOPsf] n]vf]6nfO{ lg0f{o clen]v elgG5 .

              lg0f{o clen]vsf] gd"gf

cfh ldlt @)&^ ;fn c;f/ & ut] zlgaf/ o; s[i0f kfp/f]6L sDkgL k|f=ln dxf]Q/L alb{jf; sf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf >L s[i0f a= e08f/Lsf] cWoIfotfdf a;]sf] ;ldltsf] a}7sn] lgDgadf]lhd pkl:yltdf lgDgfg';f/sf k|:tfax?dfly cfjZos 5nkmn u/L tkl;n adf]lhdsf lg0f{ox? u/]sf] 5 .

pkl:ylt                                                                   x:tfIf/

cWoIfM >L s[i0f a= e08f/L                                                 =====================

pkfWoIfM >L /fd k|= s§]n                                                  ===================

;b:ox? M >L 6f]k a= e§/fO{                                             ===================== 

 

>L u'? k|=vltj8f                                                   =====================                                                                                        >L t'n a=lnDa                                                       =====================            ;b:o ;lrj M>L p¢j a=e'h]n                                  =========================

k|:tfjx?M

  !_ sDkgLsf] kF'hL jl[¢ ug{] ;DaGwdf

  @_ sDkgLsf] pTkfbg k|j¢{g ug]{ ;DaGwdf

  #_ ljljw

          lg0f{ox? M

lg0f{o g= ! M k|:tfj g = -!_ dfly 5nkmn ubf{ sDklg ;~rfngfy{ rfn' k'FhLsf] cefjnfO{ k'lt{ ug{ ;a} c+lzof/ ;b:ox?n] ?= !)),)))-cIf]?kL Ps nfv dfq . _ oxL c;f/ d;fGt leq /f=jf= a}s alb{jf;  df sDklgsf] gfddf ;~rflnt vftf g=+(((#&*% df hDdf ug{] ;j{;Ddt lg0f{o ul/of] .

       lg0f{o g= @M k|:tfj g= -@_ dfly 5nkmn ubf{ sDklgsf] k|j¢g / ahf/ la:tf/sf nflu g]kfn 6]lnlehgdf lj1fkg lbg] / # hgf dfs{]l6ª clkm;/ lgo'lQm ug{] ;j{;Ddt lg0f{o ul/of] .

         lg0f{o g= #M k|:tfj g= -#_ ljljw cGt{ut 5nkmnsf] nflu xfnnfO{ s'g} ljifo j:t' gePsf] xF'bf a}7s cWoIfaf6 pkl:ylt ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox?nfO{ wGojfb 1fkg u/L a}7ssf] ;dfkg ul/of] .

                   -pkl:yt ;a} ;b:osf] x:tfIf/_

#=!=(  JolQmut ljj/0f

             ;+lIfKt kl/rosf nflu ;d]l6Psf] ljj/0fnfO{ JolQmut ljj/0f elgG5 . o;nfO{ g]kfnLdf JolQmj[t / c+u|]hLdf afof]8f6f elgG5 .

                         JolQmut ljj/0fsf] gd"gf

Gffd M uf]kfn k|;fb l/dfn

hGd M lj=;= !(&%÷@÷!*

hGd:yfg M nug6f]n , sf7df8f}

lzIff M cfO{ = P

;Ddfg÷k'/:sf/ M dbg k'/:sf/ -@)!(_, lqe'jg k'/:sf/ -@)#)_

;j{k|yd k|sflzt sljtf M lj=;=!((@ ;fndf {k|ltÚ zLif{ssf] sljtf k|sflzt

          k|d'v sljtf ;ªu|x M {cfdfsf] ;kgf Ú -@)@)_

          d[To' M lj= ;= @)#)÷&÷*, sf7df8f}

$ k|zf;lgs n]vg

$=! k|zf;lgs n]vgsf] kl/ro

              k|zf;g;Fu ;DalGwt /x]/ n]lvg] lnvtnfO{ k|zf;lgs n]vg elgG5 . k|zf;lgs jf k|zf;sLo sfo{x?nfO{ Jojl:yt 9ªn] ;~rfng ubf{ cfjZos kg{] n]vnfO{ k|zf;lgs n]vg elgG5 .

$=@ k|zf;lgs n]vgsf k|sf/x?

$@=! lgol'Qm kq

          s'g} klg sfof{no jf ;'ª3-;+:yfsf cfjZos sfo{x? ;Dkfbg ug{ kfl/>lds jf j]tg kfpg] ;t{df egf{ ug{] sfo{nfO{ lgo'lQm elgG5 .

                          

lgo'lQm kqsf] gd"gf

                           lqe'jg ljZjljBfno

                         /lh:6«f/sf] sfof{no sLlt{k'/

                                          ldlt M @)&%÷)*÷!(

kq ; M @)&%÷&^

r=g M @%

         >L ;ldIff ltdNl;gf

         a]nsf]6 , g'jfsf]6                     ljifo Mlgo'lQm kq

lqe'jg ljZjljBfno ;]jf cfof]usf] v'Nnf  k|ltof]lutf ¢f/f l;kmfl/; ul/P cg';f/ tkfO{nfO{ g]kfnL ljifosf] pkk|fWofks kbdf lq=lj sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\sf] ldlt @)&^÷)*÷)@ ut]sf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ lq=lj sd{rf/L k|zf;g dxfzfvf sLlt{k'/df lgodfg';f/ Ps jif{sf] kl/If0f sfndf /xg] u/L lgo'lQ ul/Psf 5 .

o; lgol'Qmdf cfˆgf] kb ;DxfNg' ePsf] hfgsf/L lgo'lQmkq k|fKt ug{'ePsf] ldltn] #% lbg leq o; sfo{nodf k7fpg'x'g cg'/f]w 5 .

lq lj ;]jfsf] pkk|fWofks kbdf lgo'lQm x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{5' .  

                                                                           ===================

                                                                                     ozf]bf vltj8f

jf]wfy{ tyf sfof{y{

! >L lq lj ;]jf cfof]usf] sfof{no, sLlt{k'/

@ >L cfly{{s k|zf;g dxfzfvf, lq lj sLlt{k'/

# >L sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]if, 7d]n, sf7df8f}

$ >L sd{rf/L k|zf;g dxfzfvf, lq lj, sLlt{k'/

$=#=@ kl/kq

gLlt lgb]{zg ;DaGwL Ps} Joxf]/f pNn]v ul/Psf] n]vnfO{ kl/kq elgG5 .o;nfO{ c+u|]hLdf ;s'{n/ elgG5 . To:t} ljrf/,;"rgf,hfgsf/L cflbsf lglDt ;DalGwt w]/} JolQm,;+:yf tyf ;+:yfsf ljleGg ljefu sfof{no cflbnfO{ Ps} Joxf]/fdf k7fOg] cflwsfl/s kqnfO{ klg kl/kq elgG5 .

gd"gf M  

                          g]kfn ;/sf/

                           lzIff dGqfno

                           lzIff ljefu

                 ;fd'bflos ljBfno Joj:yfkg zfvf

                                                 ldltM @)&^÷)*÷@

k=;M )&^÷&&

r=g=+             

ljifo M ;fd'bflos pRr dfWoflds tx lzIfs b/jGbL ljt/0f km's'jf ;DjGwdf .

>L lhNnf lzIff sfof{no

 && j6}

              k|:t't\ ljifodf o; laefusf] r=g+= !^* ldlt @)*%÷)*÷)@ sf] kqaf6 ;fd'bflos pRr dfWoflds txsf nflu r=g+=!%# ldlt @)&^÷%÷!) df k7fOPsf] lzIfs b/jGbLdf k7fOPsf] lzIfs b/jGbL÷cg'bfg ljt/0f /f]Ssf /flvPsf]df ;fd'bflos pRr dfWoflds lzIfs Jofj:yfkg lgb{]zg, @)&% df ;+zf]wg ePsf] xF'bf ;+zf]lwt lgb{]lzsf / r=g= !%# ldltM @)&%÷)@÷)& sf] kqdf pNn]lvt lgb{]gfg';f/ cg'/f]w 5 .

af]wfy{

!= >L lzIff dGqfno l;+xb/jf/ sf7df8f}                                     ====================

@= >L If]qLo lzIff lgb{]zgfno % j6}                                               z}n]Gb| rf}nfufO{

pk lgb{]zs

$=@=#  ljjfx bQf{

             s'g} b'O{ :qL k'?ifsf lar klt kTgLsf] ;DaGw :yfkgf u/fpg] wfld{s jf ;fdfhLs sfo{ g} ljjfx xf] . sfg'g cg';f/ ljjfxsf pd]/ k'u]sf :qL k'?ifn] k|zf;lgs lgsfo jf :yfgLo lgsfodf uO{ ljjfx k|dfl0ft ug{] sfo{nfO{ ljjfx bQf{ elgG5 .

 

gd"gf                          g]kfn ;/sf/

                     ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

                        :yfgLo kl~hsflwsf/Lsf] sfof{no

                          xl/jg gu/kflnsf ;nf{xL

                           ljjfx bQf{sf] k|df0fkq

bQf{ g= !^

bQf{ ldlt M @)&%÷)#÷@&

kfl/jfl/s nfut kmf/d

o; sfof{nodf v8f ul/Psf] ljjfx bQf{ lstfa cg';f/ k|dfl0ft ul/G5,ls ;"rs >L Zofd sfsL{ tyf >LdtL zfGtf e08f/L sfsL{n] e/]sf] cg';"RfL—!$ sf] ;""rgf kmf/d adf]lhd >L xl/ s§'jfnsf] gflt >L lji0f' s§jfnsf] 5f]/f ;nf{xL lhNnf xl/jg g=kf= jf8 g & df a:g] jif{ @% sf] >L gj/fh s§jfn ;Fu >L ;ld/ Gof}kfg]sL gfltgL >L /d]z Gof}kfg]sL 5f]/L /f}tx8 lhNnf rGb|lguf g=kf= jf8 g+ # df j:g] jif{ @) sL ;/Ltf Gof}kfg]sf] ldlt @)&^÷)*÷)& ut] ;fdflhs k/Dk/f cg';f/ bQf{ P]g @)@* cg';f/ ljjfx ePsf] xf] .

gful/stf k|df0fkq g+                              :yfgLo kl~hsflwsf/Lsf] ;lx

hf/L ldlt / lhNnf                                        gfd y/====================

s_ b'nfxf ====================                                    ldltM

v_ b'nxL======================

$=@=$ hGdbQf{      

                   s''g} Pp6L dlxnfsf] ue{df /lx gf} dlxgf k'/f u/L ;fngfn ;lxt lhljt ?kdf aflx/ lg:sg] k|lqmofnfO{ hGd elgG5 . s'g} klg kl/jf/df aRrf hlGdPkl5 To;sf] ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L :yfgLo lgsfo jf sfof{nodf u/fOG5 . ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsfdf uO{ hGd ePsf] s'/f k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfo{nfO{ hGdbQf{ elgG5 .

gd"gf M                             cg";"rL—!$ 

-lgod & ;Fu ;DalGwt_

g]kfn ;/sf/

;+wLo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

:yfgLo kl~hsflwsf/Lsf] sfof{no

t'jfr'g gu/kflnsf, vf]6fÎ

 

bQf{ g+++++

kfl/jfl/s nut kmf/d g+              hGdbQf{sf] k|df0fkq

o; sfof{nodf /x]sf] hGdbQf{ lstfa cg';f/ k|dfl0ft ul/G5 ls,;"rs >L xl/ d}gfnLn] e/]sf] cg";"rL @ sf] ;"rgf kmf/d adf]lhd >L pdfsfGt d}gfnLsf] gflt >L k'0o k|;fb d}gfnLsf] 5f]/f t'jfr'g g=kf=jf8 g= & a:g] jif{ #) sf >L dx]z d}gfnL tyf >LdtL O{Zj/L d}gfnLsL 5f]/L ;Gwof d}gfnLsf] ldlt @)&^÷)!÷)@ ut] hGd ePsf] xf] .

                                                                :yfgLo kl~hsflwsf/Lsf] ;lx

s_ a''jfsf] gf=k|=g=+                                               ======================================

v_ cfdfsf] gf=k|=g=+                                                gfd y/ ======================

                                                                  ldlt+M

$=@=% d[To'bQf{

           s'g} klg lhljt k|f0fLsf OlGb|ox?n] cfˆgf] lgoldt sfd :yfoL?kn] aGb ug{'nfO{ d[To' elgG5 . x/]s k|f0fLsf] hGd kZrft\ d[To' of] k|fs[lts lgod xf] . x/]s k|f0fLsf] hGd kl5 d[To' lgLZrt 5 . d[To' e};s]sf JolQmsf] cfkmGtn] ;DalGwt sfof{nodf uP/ d[tssf af/]df k|i6 ;"rgf lbO{ lgodfg';f/ ;"rgf bQf{ u/L lgodfg';f/ clen]v /fVg'nfO{ d[To'bQf{ elgG5 .

gd"gf                           cg";"rL —!#

                         -lgod & ;Fu ;DalGwt_

                                g]kfn ;/sf/

                  ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

                      :yfgLo kl~hsflwsf/Lsf] sfof{no

                           sdnfdfO{ gu/kflnsf l;Gw'nL

bQf{ g+                       d[To'bQf{sf] k|df0fkq

kfl/jfl/s nut kmf/d M

 o; sfof{nodf /x]sf] d[To'bQf{ lstfa cg';f/ k|dfl0ft ul/G5 ,sL >L x/]/fd sfsL{sf] gflt >L ch{'g sfsL{sf] 5f]/f >L czf]s sfsL{sL klTg sdnfdfO{ gu/kflnsf  a:g] jif{ ^% sL cl:dtf sfsL{sf] ldlt @)&$÷)&÷)# ut] d[To' ePsf] xf] .

 gful/stf k|df0fkq g+                                           :yfgLokl~hsflwsf/Lsf]     

hf/L ldlt / lhNnf                                                 ;lx=======================

                                                                   gfd,y/=====================

                                             ldltM =====================

$=@=^ a;fOF;/fO{

             s'g} Ps 7fpFdf :yfoL a;f]af; u/]sf kl/jf/n] Tof] 7fpFnfO{ 5fl8 cGoGq :yfgdf :yfoL ?kdf a;f]ad; ug{ hfg'nfO{ a;fOF;/fO{ elgG5 . dflg;x? k|foMh;f] b'u{d af6 ;'ud :yfg tkm{, ufpFaf6 ;x/tkm{{ a;fOF ;g{] s|d al9 kfOG5 .

 

a;fOF;/fO{sff] gd"gf                   cg';"rL—!^

                             -lgod & ;Fu ;DalGwt_

                      ;++3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno  

                          :yfgLo kl~hsflwsf/Lsf] sfof{no

                              xl/jg gu/kflnsf ;nf{xL

bQf g+                           a;fOF;/fO{ bQf{sf] k|df0fkq

kfl/jfl/s nut kmf/d

                                   

                          o; sfofnodf v8f ul/Psf] a;fOF;/fO{ bQf{ lstfa cg';f/ k|dfl0ft ul/G5, ls ;"rs >L 3gZofd zdf{sf] cg";"rL ^ sf] a;fOF;/fO{sf] ;"rgf kmf/d adf]lhd l;Gw''nL lhNnf sdnfdfO{ gu/kflnsf j8f g+ # a:g] jif{ %) sf >L 3gZofd zdf{sf] lgDglnlvt kl/jf/sf ;b:o ;lxt ldlt @)&^ ;fn ;fpg !( ut]b]lv ;nf{xL lhNnf xl/jg gu/kflnsf j8f g+ ^ df a;fOF;/fO{ u/L cfPsf] xf] .         

                              a;fOF;/fO{ u/L cfpg] ÷hfg] kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f

qm=;=	ljj/0f	hGd ldlt	;'rs;Fusf] gftf	cGo 36gfbQf{ eP÷gePsf]	s}=
!=	3gZofd zdf{	@)!*	cfkm"
@	;ld{nf zdf{	@)@!	>LdtL
#	;'hg zdf{	@)%%	5f]/f
$	;l;snf zdf{	@)%*	5]/L

 

Kf|df0fkq hf/L lhNnf / hf/L ldlt M                                            :yfgLo kl~hsflwsf/Lsf] ;xL==========

                                                                                    Gffd , y/===========================

                                                                         ldlt=========================

$=@=& sfof{noLo l6Kk0fL

       s'g} klg ljifo jf zLif{sdf lnlvt jf df}lvs ?kdf JoQm ul/g] ;ª\lIfKt k|:t'tL jf larf/nfO{ l6Kk0fL elgG5 . Jojfxfl/s n]vgsf ;Gbe{df s'g} klg sfo{nodf tof/ kfl/g] ;|]:tfsf] l6Kk0fL elgG5 .

 

gd"gf                            lqe"jg ljZjljBfno

                          lzIffzf:q ;+sfo s]Gb|Lo ljefu

                                    sLlt{k'/                ldlt M @)&^÷)*÷)%

l6Kk0fL / cfb]Zf

o; s]Gb|Lo ljefusf] xftfleq /x]sf ;+/rgf tyf ;Dkltsf] ;'/Iff Pjd\ /]vb]vsf nflu l;=lh ;]So'l/l6 k|f=ln sf ltg hjfgaf6 ;]jf lnFb} cfPsf] t/ o;}lar sIffsf]7f,;]ldgf/ xn tyf Nofasf nflu o; ljefudf Ps gofF ejg lgdf{0f eO{ sfof{no k|of]hgdf lnO ;lsPsf] ;Gbe{df pQm ejg If]q / ToxfF /x]sf ;DklQsf] ;d]t ;'/Iff ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] xfnnfO{ @ hgf hjfg ;'/Iff uf8{ yk ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 . To;sf nflu s]lx ;'/Iff uf8{ lgo'Qm ug{ l:jLs[ltsf nflu o; ljefun] r=g=+ *)%÷)&^÷&& ldlt @)&@÷)$÷@) sf] kqaf6 lq=lj s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf cg'/f]w u/L k7fOPsf] lyof] .

       ctM lq=lj s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] l:jLs[ltjdf]lhd xfnnfO{ !@ 306f 8\o'6L ug]{ u/L # hgf ;'/Iff uf8{yk ug]{ / kfl/>ldssf] xsdf To; ;+:yf;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tf / ljefusf] lg0f{ocg';f/ kfl/>lds lbg ;d]t lg0f{{osf nflu of] l6Kk0fL k]; u/]sf] 5 .

=============                                     ===========================                                               ==================

tof/ ug]{                           /fo ;lxt l;kmfl/; ug]{                             l:jLs[t ug]{

$=@=* gftf k|dfl0ft

             :yfgLo clen]vdf k|df0f v'n]sf] JolQm;Fu csf{] JolQmsf]  of] / o:tf] ;DaGw /x]sf] xf] eGg] Joxf]/fsf] k|dfl0ft sfuhnfO{ gftf k|dfl0ft kq elgG5 . ljz]if u/L c+zaG8f , lwtf],hdfgL,j}b]lzs k|of]hg tyf shf{ cflb sfo{x?df gftf k|dfl0ft sfuh pkof]u x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

                                         

 

cg';"rL #!

                        -lgod—&@ sf] pklgod & ;Fu ;DalGwt_

                                g]kfn ;/sf/ u[x dGqfno

                    kl~hsflwsf/Lsf] sfof{no afUdtL gu/kflnsf, ;nf{xL

bQf{ ldlt M                  ljifo M gftf k|dfl0ft ul/Psf ;DaGwdf

bQf{ Gf 

                        pko'{Qm ;DaGwdf afUdtL gu/kflnsf,  j8f g+ & a:g] s[i0f e";fnn] tkl;n pNn]lvt lgDg JolQmx?;Fu d]/f] lgDgfg';f/sf] gftf ;DaGw /x]sfn] sfggL ,k|zf;lgs , Pjd\ Jofjxfl/s k|of]hgsf nflu ;f]lx cg';f/ gftf k|dfl0ft u/L kfpF elg o; g=kf= sf]      sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbOPsfn] pQm Joxf]/f cg';f/ a'Ebf lgj]bssf] lgDg cg';f/sf] gftf ;DaGw sfod /x]sf] Joxf]/f a'lemPsfn] ;f]lx cg';f/ k|dfl0ft ul/G5 .

 

tkl;n

s[i0f e";ffn                       lgj]bs

cd[tf e";fn                       >LdtL

/fhg e";fn                        5f]/f

/ldtf e";fn                        5f]/L

     

%= sfg"gL n]vg

%=! sfg"gL n]vgsf] kl/ro

       Dflg;sf] b}lgs lhjg ofkgsf] s|ddf cfOkg{] lgoldt ls|ofsnfk , 36gf , ;d:of jf ;DaGw cflbsf] af/]df k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ ul/g] l6kf]6nfO{ sfg"gL n]vg elgG5 . k|rlnt sfg"gsf] JofVof ;lxt sfg"gL n]vgL clwsf/ tyf st{Josf] :ki6 pN]n]v u/L n]lvg] lnvtnfO{ sfg"gL n]vg elgG5 . of] ljlzi6 sfg"gL k|fljlws 9fFrf xf] .                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

%=@ sfg"gL n]vgsf] k|sf/

%=@=! td;'s

        hUuf hldg lsga]r ubf{ jf C0f , shf{ lng'lbg' kbf{ ul/g] sfuhL k|ls|ofnfO{ td;'s elgG5 . o;/L n]gb]g jf lsg]a]rsf] ;a} sfd dfnkf]t sfod{nodf ;Dej gxF'g] xF'bf o:tf] cj:yfdf lng] / lbg] larsf] ;xdltdf n]lvg] lnvt g} td;'s xf] .

%=@=!=! skfnL td;''s

        s'g} ;Dklt lwtf] ,aGws g/flv lglZrt Aofhsf] k|ltzt lglZrt ;dodf a''emfpg g;Sbf ;fxF"af] y}nL d]/f] 3/3/fgfaf6 c;'n u/L lng' elg cf;fdLn] n]lvlbPsf] td;'snfO{ skfnL td;'s elgG5 .

gd"gf

 bfofF afofF               

             lnlvtd wlgsf gfd /f}6x8 lhNnf rGb|k'/ g=kf= jf8{ g+ & afnu+uf j:g] $% aif{sf] lji0f' k|;fO{ C0fLsf] rGb|k'/  g=kf= jf8{ g=& afnu+uf a:g] jif{ #) sf] dfwj bfxfnn] g]kfnL gub ?|=$),)))÷–-cIf]?kL ?= rfln; xhf/ dfq_ 3/ vr{ ug{ lnPsf] l7s ;fFrf] xf] . ;fpF / Jofh cghsf] ldltn] ! jif{leq Psd'i6 a'emfpg] 5' . effvfdf a'emfpg g;ls efvf gf£of] eg] tkfO{ ;fxF"sf] y}nL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd d]/f] 3/w/fgfjf6 c;"n pk/ u/L lng''egL d]/f] /fhLv';L;Fu tkfO{ ;fx"Fs} 3/df al; skfnL td;'s n]lv tkfO{ ;fFx"nfO{ lbFP . ;fIfL afofF lsgf/fsf] ;b/ .

          Olt ;Dat\ @)&^ ;fn d+l;/ @ ut] /f]h @ z'ed\ =================== .

                                                                    bfofF                 afofF                                                       

                  

 %=@=!=@ b[li6aGws td;'s

                        s'g} crn ;DklQ lwtf] /flv sfg"g dflkmssf] bzf}FbL Aofh lbg saf]n u/L olt efvfleq ;fjfF Aofh ;d]t ga'emfPdf ;f] lwtf]af6 ;fxF"n] c;'n–pk/ ug'{ elg aGws /fVbf n]lvlbg] td;'snfO{ b[li6aGws td;'s elgG5 .

b[li6aGws td;'ssf] gd"gf

 bfof     afofF         lnlvtd wgLsf gfd /fd lzjfsf]6Lsf] gflt jfz' lzjfsf]6Lsf]                                           5f]/f ;nf{xL lhNnf xl/jg g=kf= jf8{ g=+ !) a:g] jif{ $% sf] ;'lbk lzjfsf]6L C0fLsf] gfd ;'/]z v/]nsf] gflt ;'/h v/]n sf] 5f]/f ;nf{xL lhNnf xl/jg g=kf= jf8{ g+= !) a:g] jif{ #% sf] ltns v/]nn] gub g]kfnL ?= %),)))÷–-cIf]?kL ?=krf; xhf/ dfq_ shf{ lnP jfkt Jofa;fo ug{ lnPsf] x'F . of] ?k}ofF ;os8f @ sf b/n] Aofh /flv ;fFjf Aofh cfhsf] ldltn] ltgjif{ leq a'emfpFnf a'emfO{g eg] c? s;}nfO{ s]lx Joxf]/fn] n]lv glbPsf] d]/f] Psnf}6L xs nfUg] d]/f] gfddf bQf{ ePsf] xl/jg g=kf= j8f g=+ @ sf] ls=g= $# sf] k"j{df k"""j{klZrd /fhdfu{ klZrddf b]jL v8\sfsf] v]tdf,pQ/ uf]/]6f] af6f],blIf0f e/t clwsf/Lsf] v]t %–)–) ;fFjf Aofh ga'emfP ;Dd sfg"g adf]lhd b[li6ef]u ug'{ . ef]u u/]sf] ldltn] ;fx"Fn] ?k}ofFsf] Aofh gvf]Hg' . hUufsf] pAhfx vf]Hg] 5}g . s]lx Jofxf]/fn] sRrf eO{ ;f] hUuf ef]u ug{ kfpg' ePg eg] ;fFx"sf] y}nL ;fFjf Aofh sfg"g adf]lhd d]/f] 3/3/fgfaf6 c;'n pk/u/L lng' egL d]/f] /fhLv';L;Fu b[li6aGws td;'s n]lv oxL adf]lhdsf] Psk|lt bf]xf]/L ;d]t a'emL lnO{ tkfO{ ;fFx"nfO{ lbFP . d'sfd ;fFx"s} 3/ lkl9Fdf xf] . ;fIfL afofF lsgf/fsf] ;b/ . of] td;'s sfg"g adf]lhd /lhi6]«zg kfl/t u/L lbpFnf .

          Olt ;Dat\ @)&# ;fn h]7 @ ut] /f]h & z'ed\ ============================= .

                                                    bfofF             afofF

 

%=@=!=# nvaGws td;'s

                 Rfn crn ef]uaGws lbO{ /fVg]n] td;'s adf]lhd To;eGbf 36L lnO{ csf]{ ;fFx"nfO{ ef]u aGws jf b[li6aGws n]vL lbPsf] td;'snfO{ nvaGws td;'s elgG5 . csf]{ zAbdf Pp6fn] aGws lnO{sf] lwtf] k'gM csf]{df ;fl/g] x'gfn] o;nfO{ aGws dflysf] aGws klg elgG5 .  

gd"gfM

         bfof      jfofF

               lnlvtd wlgsf gfd  1fgaxfb'/ yfkfsf] gflt v8\uaxfb8'/ yfkfsf] 5f]/f l;Gw'ln  lhNnf sdnfdfO{ g=kf=j8f g+ !) a:g] jif{ %% sf] dflgif yfkf Cl0fsf] gfd s'n]Zj/ /fptsf] gflt lbAo b]j /fptsf 5f]/f l;Gw'ln  lhNnf sdnfdfO{  g= kf= j8f g+ !) a:g] jif{ @@ sf] k|df]b /fptn] gub g]kfnL ?=@),)))÷–-cIf]?kL ?=la; xhf/ dfq_ shf{ lnP jfkt Jofj;fo ug{ lnOPsf] 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] . o; ?k}Fofdf c?s;}nfO s]xL u/L glbPsf] @)&$÷(÷)! ut] d}n] l;Gw'ln  lhNnf sdnfdfO g=kf= ! a:g] df]lxt/fh clwsf/Ln] ?= (),)))÷– df ef]saGws /lhi6]«zg kfl/t ul/lnO{ d}n] ef]u ul//x]sf] lgh nIdL e08f/Lsf] gfddf bQf{ ePsf] O{Zj/k'/ g=kf= sf] ls=g= @% sf] k"j{ af6f] klZrddf s'nf], pQ/

                                  

 zf/bfsf] hUuf, blIf0f ;8s olt rf/ lsNnf leq /x]sf] v]t /f]kgL !–)–) hUuf nvaGws n]lv lbPF .tkfO{ ;fxF"nfO{ y}nL ga'emfP ;Dd ef]u rng ug{' . y}nL a'emfP avt a'lemlnO{ hUuf 5f8L lbg' . hUuf ef]u u?Gh]n ;fxF"n] ?k}Fofsf] Aofh gvf]Hg' . hUufsf] pAhfx vf]Hg] 5}g . hUuf ef]u ubf{ s]xL Joxf]/fn] sRrf eO{ ;f] hUufef]]u ug{ kfpg' ePg eg] ;fx'Fsf] y}nL ;fFjf Aofh sfg"g adf]lhd d]/f] 3/3/fgfaf6 c;'n pk/ u/L lng'  elg d]/f] /fhLv';L;Fu ;fxFF"s} 3/ lkl9Fdf a;L afofF lsgf/fsf] ;fIfLsf] /f]xa/df nvaGws td;'s ;d]t n]lv ldlt @)&$÷)(÷)! sf] nvaGws td;'s ;d]t tkfO{ ;fxF"nfO{ lbPF . oxL adf]lhd Psk|lt bf]xf]/L klg ;fxF"af6 a'lem lnP . ;fIfL lsgf/fsf] ;b/ . of] lnvt P]gsf] Dofb leq /lhi6]«zg u/L lbpFnf .

             Olt ;Djt\ @)&^ ;fn df3 $ ut] ! z'ed\=============== .                     

                                                         afofF        bfofF                 

 

%=@=!=$ ef]uaGws td;'s

               ;fxF"sf] y}nL jfkt ?kF}of ga'emfP;Dd cf;fdLn] s'g} ;DklQ ef]u ug{ kfO{g] u/L lbPsf] lnvtnfO{ ef]uaGes td;'s elgG5 . o;df olt k|ltztsf] lx;fan] Aofh lt?Fnf eGg] pNN]v ul/b}g . ef]u u/]kl5 ;fxF"n] Aofh bfjL ug{ / cf;fdLn] pAhf jf cfo:tf bfjL ug{ kfpFb}g .

       gd"gf

bfofF    afofF      

                    lnlvtd wgLsf gfd kz'/fd lwtfnsf] gflt /d0f lwtfnsf] 5f]/f l;Gw'ln lhNnf b'wf}nL gu/kflnsf j8f g+ ( a:g] jif{ $) sf /fdz/0f lwtfn C0fLsf] gfd ;f]eg yfkfsf] gflt lagf]b yfkfsf] 5f]/f l;Gw'ln lhNnf b'wf}nL gu/kflnsf j8f g+ ( a:g] jif{ $% sf /f]zg yfkfn] gub ?= #),)))÷—- cIf]?kL ?= lt; xhf/ dfq_ shf{ lnPsf] 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] . of] ?kF}ofdf c? s;}nfO{ s]xL Jofxf]/fn] n]lv glbPsf] d]/f] Psnf}6L xs nfUg] d]/f] gfddf bQf} ePsf] lhNNff l;Gw'ln b'wf}nL g=kf j8f g+ ( sf ls= g+ #) sf] k"j{df l;tf sfsL{sf] hUuf, klZrddf Zofd a/fnsf] hUuf, pQ/ af6f], blIf0f s'nf] olt rf/ lsNnf leq hUuf s¶f )–@–) ef]uaGws n]lvlbP . d}n] y}nL ga'emfP sfg"g adf]lhd ef]u rng ug{' . y}nL a'emfP avt a'lemlnO{ hUuf 5fl8 lbg' hUuf ef]u ubf{ s]lx Jofxf]/fn] sRrf eO{ ;f] hUuf ef]u ug[ kfpg' ePg eg] ;fxF"sf] y}nL ;fFjf Aofh sfg"g adf]lhd d]/f] 3/3/fgfaf6 c;'n pk/ u/L lng' elg d]/f] /flhv';L;Fu 3/ sf]7fdf a;L ef]uaGws td;'s n]lv tkfO{ ;fFx"nfO{ lbPF . olx adf]lhd Psk|lt bf]xf]/L tkfO{ ;fxF"af6 a'lem lnP . ;fIfL lsgf/fsf] ;b/ . of] lnvg P]gsf] Dofb leq /lhi6«]zg u/L lbpFnf .

                   Olt ;Djt\ @)&% ;fn df3 @! ut] /f]h & z'ed\===========.

                                                                    bfofF            afofF

                                                                    

            

                                    

                                       

%=@=@  /flhgfdf

JolQm;+3 ;+:yf jf sDkgL cflbsf gfddf ef]uflwsf/ /x]sf] hUuf 3/ cflb lalqm u/]/ /flhv';L ;fy csf{] JolQm jf sDkgLnfO{ xs clwsf/ x:tfGt/0f  u/L k|rlnt P]g sfg"gsf] clwgdf /lx dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] /f]xa/df /lhi6]«zg kfl/t u/L lbPsf] lnvtnfO{ /flhgfdf elgG5 .

gd"gf

bfofF    afofF 

               lnlvtd wgLsf gfd xs{axfb'/ :ofªtfgsf] gflt Zofd a= :ofªtfgsf] 5f]/f l;Gw'ln lhNNff sdnfdfO{ g=kf j8f g !& a:g] jif{ %@ sf] xl/ a=:ofªtfg C0fLsf] gfd tf/fgfy x]Ghgsf] gflt t'nf/fd x]Ghgsf] 5f]/f l;Gw'ln lhNNff sdnfdfO{ g g=kf=a:g] jif{ #) sf] ljzfn x]Ghgn] ?=!),)))÷–-cIf]?kL ?= bz xhf/ dfq _ 3/vr{ ug{ lnPsf] ;fFrf] xf] . of] ?kF}of c? s;}nfO{ s]xL u/L n]lv glbPsf] d]/f] xs ef]u bQf{sf] sdnfdfO{  g=kf j8f g+ !& sf] k"j{df lbg]zsf] hUuf, klZrddf ;8s, pQ/df df]xgsf] hUuf blIf0fdf rf}/ olt rf/ lsNNff leqsf] v]t /f]klg )–(– ) hUuf cfhsf] ldlt b]lv xs 5fl8 /flhgfdf u/L lbPF . nfu]sf] lt/f] e/f] u/L cfˆgf] hfgL ef]u rng ug{ kfpFg' ePg eg] ;fjfF / P]g adf]lhdsf] Aofh ;d]t d]/f] c? 3/3/fgfaf6 c;'n pk/ u/L lng' elg d]/f] dgf]dfg /flhv';L;Fu tkfO{ ;fx"Fs} 3/sf]7fdf a;L afofF lsgf/fsf] ;fIfLsf] /f]xa/df /flhgfdf n]lv tkfO{ ;fx"FnfO{ lbPF . ;fIfL lsgf/fsf] ;b/ . of] /flhgfdf P]gsf] Dofb leq /lhi6]«zg u/L lbpFnf .

        Olt ;Djt\ @)&^ ;fn d+l;/ !! ut] /f]h $ z'ed\=========.        bfofF           afofF      

                                                        

%=@=#  c+zaG8f

          c+zaG8f eg]sf] s'g} efusf] s]xL efu jf lx:;f jf v08 xf] . aG8f eg]sf] af8\g' jf af8\g] sfd xf] . ;uf]ndf /x]sf] ;DklQ ;daGwLt JolQm jf ;+:yfsf xsjfnfx?n] af8\g' g} c+zaG8f xf] . C0f wg jf ;DklQsf] ;dfg jf sfg"g ad]lhdsf] efuaG8f g} c+zaG8f xf] . c+lzof/n] kfPsf] jf kfpg' kg{] cfˆgf] lx:;f lng rfxg]n] ;f]xL Aofxf]/f v'nfO{ n]lvPsf] lnvtnfO{ czaG8f elgG5 .

                 gd"gf                                                                                                           

    bfofF    afofF     

                  lnlvtd wgLsf gfd d'lQmgfysf] gflt elQmgfysf] 5f]/f] lhNnf ;'g;/L O6x/L g=kf j8f g+ # a:g] jif{ #( sf] zlQmgfy kf08] ! P] gflt P] sf] 5f]/f] P]=P] a:g] jif{ #& sf] h'lQmgfy kf08] ! ;d]t xfdL bfh'efO{ b'O{ hgf dfq xfd|f j'afcfdfaf6 hohGd ePsf]df j'afcfdfsf] cl3 g} k/nf]s e};s]sf] 5 . xfdL bfh'efO{x? ldln ;uf]ndf g} a;L 3/ Jofjxf/ rnfO{ cfPsf]df lbg k|ltlbg kl/jf/sf] ;8\Vof a9\b} uPsf]n] ;uf]ndf a;L Jofjxf/ rnfpg d'l:sn ePsf] xF'bf xfdL b'O{ efO{ afx]s xfd|f cfdfj'afsf] xs vfg] c? sf]xL c+lzof/ gePsf / ljjfx vr{ 5'6\ofpg' kg{] sf]xL gePsf] x'bfF xfdLx?sf] d~h'/Lsf ;fy tkl;n adf]lhdsf] ;DklQ afF8kmfF8 u/L c+zaG8f u/]sf 5f} . cf—cfˆgf] efudf C0f wg cfˆgf] Psnf}6L hfgL Joxf]g{] 5f} . c+zaG8f ubf{ xfdL b'O{ dWo] s;}n] bafP—l5kfPsf] 5}g .

 

bafPsf]—l5kfPsf] 7x/]df kQf nufpg] ,gbafpg]n] Psnf}6L vfg' egL xfdLx?sf] dGh'/Lsf ;fy 58\s] lsgf/fsf ;fIfLsf] /f]xa/df ;'g;/L lhNnf O6x/L g=kf dfnkf]t sfof{nodf a;L aG8fk`sf] lnvt n]lv !÷! k|lt a'emL lnof} .

 

zlQmgfysf] efudf k/]sf]

 

lhNnf	If]q	j8f g+	ls=g+	If]qkmn	Dff]n	s}lkmot
;'g;/L	gofF6f]n	#	@&	@–!–% lauf	@ s/f]8 kg{]	k"j{ klZrd lr/f kg{]u/L blIf0f tkm{af6 cfwf cfwf

 

h"lQmgfysf] efudf k/]sf]

                 

lhNnf	If]q	j8f g+	ls g+	If]qkmn	Dff]n	s}lkmot
;'g;/L	gofF6f]n	#	@&	@–!–%	@s/f]8 kg{]	k"j{ klZrd lr/f kg{]u/L blIf0f tk{maf6 cfwf–cfwf

 

           bfofF          afofF                  bfofF               afofF

                                                                                                  

 

%=@=$ as;kq

            s'g} JolQmn] cfˆgf] xs ef]udf /x]sf] rn crn ;DklQ cfˆgf] ;Gtfg jf cGo s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ ef]urngsf] clwsf/ ;'Dk]sf] kq g} as;kq xf] . cfˆgf] ;Gtfg dWo] klg cfkm"nfO{ dg k/]sf] jf x]/rfx nfngkfng ug]{nfO{ ;DklQ lbgsf] nflu n]lvg] lnvtnfO{ as;kq elgG5 . of] z]ifkl5 / xfn}sf] u/L @ k|sf/sf 5g\ .

 

z]ifkl5sf] as;kq

              bfofF      afofF 

         lnlvtd wg/fh kf08]sf] gflt dg/fh kf08]sf 5f]/f dsjfgk'/ lhNnf afUdlt g=kf= $ a:g] jif{ ^) sf] ;Gtf]if kf08] cfu] d]/L >LdtL / @ 5f]/fx? cl3g} k/nf]s ePsf / Pp6L 5f]/L vf]nfn] aufO{ a]kQf eO{ d]/f] v'6 gePsf]df tkfO{ d]/f elth gftfsf /fh]z kf08]sf gflt /fs]z kf08]sf 5f]/f lhNnf ;nf{xL afUdlt g=kf=$ a:g] /flhj kf08]n] w]/} jif{ b]lv d]/f] /]vb]v ;]jf –6xn,:ofxf/–;';f/ / kfng kf]if0f ub}{ cfpg' eO{ dnfO{ l/emfP afkt d]/f] d[To' kZrft\ d]/f] ;DklQ ;Dk'0f{ hfoh]yf tkfO{n] ef]urng ug{ kfpg] ul/ bfg as;sf] ! g+ / c+zaG8fsf] !( g+ afdf]lhd of] z]ifkl5sf] as;kq ul/lbPsf] 5' . d d/]kl5 sfhls/Lof ,lk08kfgL,>f¢,tk{0f h]–h] /Lltl/jfh adf]lhd ug'{k5{ u/L u/fO{ d]/f] xs ePsf] afFsL ;a} rncrn ;DklQ cfˆgf] hfgL sfg"g adf]lhd ef]u ug'{  elg d]/f] /flhv';L,dgf]dfgL / d~h'/Ln] dfnkf]t sfof{no xl/jgdf a;L lsgf/fsf ;fIfLsf /f]xa/df of] as;kqsf] lnlvt n]lv n]vfO{ /lhi6]zg ul/lbPF .

               Olt ;Djt\ @)&$ ;fn ebf} @( ut] /f]h $ z'ed\============ .

                                                          bfofF            afofF             

xfn}sf] as;kq

                         bfofF       afofF        

            lnlvtd ab|L d}gfnLsf] gflt /fd d}gfnLsf] 5f]/f l;Gw'nL lhNnf sdnfdfO g=kf=# a:g] jif{ %) sf] /fd]Zj/ d}gfnL cfu] d]/f] >dtL 5f]/f gflt sf]xL 5}gg\ . d]/f] 5'§L leGg ePsf] efO{ xl/ d}gfnL 5 tfklg lghn] x]/ljrf/ gu/]sf] ltdL efGhL 5f]/L s[i0fsf] gfltgL /fdsf] 5f]/L l;Gw'nL lhNnf s=g=kf=% a:g] jif{ #) sL /l~htf v/]nn] d]/f] x]/rfx, kfng–kf]if0f u/L cfPsf]n] l/emfP afkt P]gn] as;kq ul/lbg] x'g] d]/f] Psnf}6L xssf] tklzn hUuf 3/ cfhsf] ldlt b]lv rng ef]u ug{ kfpg] u/L xfn}sf] as;kq u/LlbPsf] 5' . nfu]sf] lt/f] e/f] hf] ug'{ kl5 d s'g} ph'/ ug]{ 5}g u/] o;} sfuhn] ab/ ul/lbg' elg d]/f] dgf]dfg /fhLv';L ;Fu xfn}sf] as;kq n]lv tkfO{ /l~htf v/]nnfO{ lbP . afofF lsgf/f ;b/ .

 tkl;n

d'sfd d]/} 3/ bnfgdf xf] . of] as;kq P]gsf] Dofb leq /lhi6]««zg u/L lbpFnf .

d]/f] gfpFdf bQf{ ePsf] s=g=kf=% lsQf g=+ #% sf] k"j{ vf]nf klZrddf xs{ axfb'/sf] v]t pQ/df s'nf] blIf0fdf l;tfdsf] v]t olt rf/ lsmNnf leqsf] /f]klg @–)–) sf] df]n @,)),)))÷– kg]{ hUuf Ps lsQf ;f]xL hUufdf ag]sf] nDafO{{ #) uh ePsf] / b'O{ tn] df6f]sf] h:tfsf] 5fgf] ePsf] ?=%),)))÷–kg]{ 3/ Ps

         Olt ;Djt\ @)&# ;fn c;f/ @* ut] /f]h % z'ed\ ===================.

                                                    bfofF           afofF                               

                                                     

%=@=%   3/axfn

                  cfˆgf] 3/df c?nfO{ a:g lbP jfkt lnOg] jf c?sf] 3/df cfkm" a;] afkt lbOg] /sd g} 3/axfn xf] . o;nfO{ 3/efF8f klg eGg] ul/G5 . To;f]t 3/efF8fn] cfjf;sf] ;'lawf kfpg] JolQmsf lgldQ ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 pknAw u/fO{g] cfly{s ;'lawfnfO{ klg hgfpF5 .

  3/axfn ;DalGw ;Demf}tfsf] gd"gf

                    bfofF        afofF        

                lnlvtd af/f lhNnf lahok'/ g=kf= j8f g+ ^ a:g] jif{ #) sf] zf]d /fo cfu] tkfO{ ;f]xL j8f g+ % a:g] ladn kf]V/]nsf] O6f g+ @÷!&) sf] k"j{ klZrd nDafO{ @)) km'6 pQ/ blIf0f rf}8fO{ @) km'6 @% sf] 9nfg ul/Psf] ! tNn] 3/ @ jif{sf] ?=@%,)))÷– axfn a'emfpg] u/L cfhsf] ldlt b]lv @ jif{ ;Ddsf nflu axfndf lbg'xf];\ egL d}n] cg'/f]w ubf{ tkfO{ wg wgL ladn kf]V/]nn] d~h'/ ug'{ ePsfn] ;f] adf]lhd axfn a'emfpFg] u/L sa'lnPt ul/lbPsf] 5' . axfn x/]s dlxgfsf] !) ut] leq ga'emfO aflsF /fv] jf 3/af6 p7L hfg'kg{] P]gadf]lhdsf] sfd u/] jf tkfO{nfO{ a:g rflxof] eg] P]g adf]lhd u/L p7fO{ afFsL axfn d]/f] 3/3/fgfaf6 c;'n pk/ u/L lng' egL d]/f] dgf]dfg /flhv';L ;Fu tkfO{ 3/ wgLsf] rf]6fsf]7fdf a;L 3/axfnsf] sfuh n]lv tkfO{ 3/wgL ladn kfV/]nnfO{ lbP . ;fIfL lsgf/f ;b/ . of] adf]lhd ! k|lt bf]xf]/L sa'lnot a'lem lnP .

              Olt ;Dat\ @)&@ ;fn dª\l;/ !$ ut] /f]h & z'ed\ =======.

                                    bfofF      afofF     bfofF      afofF

 

    %=@=^   a}gfa§f

          s'g} sfd ug'{ u/fpg' eGbf klxn] jf s'g} ;DklQ vl/b lals| ug'{ eGbf klxn] ;f] sfdsf nflu clu|d ?kdf lbOg] lnOg] /sdnfO{ a}gf elgG5 . s'g} JolQmn] csf{] JolQm;Fu s'g} 3/ hUuf vl/b laqmL ug{' cl3 s]xL /sd s'g} ;t{ /fvL ;DalGwt k|of]hg v'nfO{ cufl8 g} k]:sLsf ?kdf lnOG5 .

   a}gfa§fsf] gd"gf

 bfofF        afofF        

            lnlvtd wgLsf gfd l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf d]nDlr g=kf j8f g+ % a:g] jif{ %) sf] gs'n yfkf C0fLsf] gfd l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf d]nDlr g=kf % a:g] jif{ @( sf] o'j/fh sfsL{n] !)),)))÷– shf{ lnP afkt hUuf laqmL ug{ a}gf lnPsf] x'F . tkfO{ ;fx"Faf6 o; ?k}Fof dfly ?=&)),)))÷– df cfhsf] ! dlxgf leq d]/f] gfpFdf nfnaGbL g=kf j8f g+ % sf] lsQf g+ !) v sf] hUuf /f]klg !–)–) /flhgfdf ul/lbg] 5' . u/L glbP tkfO{af6 lnPsf] pQm a}gf !)),)))÷–sf] cfhsf] ldlt b]lvsf] bzfFbLsf lx;fan] Aofh ;d]t sfg"g adf]lhd d]/f] 33/3/fgfaf6 c;'n pk/ u/L lng'elg d]/f] d~h'/L ;fy ;fxF"s} 3/df a;L afofF lsgf/fsf] ;fIfLsf] /f]xa/df hUuf laqmL ug{ a}gfa§fsf lnlvtd n]lv tkfO{ ;fxF"nfO{ lbP .         Olt ;Djt\ @)&% ;fn c;f/ & ut] /f]h ! z'ed\=============.  

                                                                                           bfofF         afofF       

 %=@=& s/f/gfdf 

3/hUuf hfoh]yfsf ;DaGwdf s'g} ljjfb jf em} emu8f jf dgd'6fa pTkGg ePdf To;sf] l5g]kmfgf] u/L n]lvg] sfuhL k|df0fnfO{ s/f/gfdf elgG5 . hldg ;§fk§f ubf{sf avt jf ;fFw ;flwof/n] lyrf]ldrf] u/L ljjfb cfO{kbf{{ o;sf] ;dfwfgsf nfuL s/f/gfdf ul/G5 .

s/f/gfdfsf] gd"gf

 

lnlvtd\ xl/ zdf{sf] 5f]/f  lrtfjg lhNnf dfl8 g=kf !) a:g] slknd'lg zdf{n] h;nfO{ k|yd kIf elgPsf] 5 . lty{ gf/fo0f bfxfnsf] 5f]/f P]=P] a:g] of]u]z bfxfn h;nfO{ bf];|f] kIf elgPsf] 5 . xfdL b'a} kIf lar tklzndf pNn]v ePsf a'Fbfx? Ps cfk;df afrf aGb]h x'g] u/L a/f/ P]g @)^% adf]lhd of] s/f/gfdf v8f u/LPsf] 5 . d'sfd xl/jg g=kf j8f g+ !)

tkl;n

!= d k|yd kIfsf] gfpFdf bQf{ ePsf] dfl8 g=kf j8f g+ % lsQf g+ @ If]q @–)@–@ ePsf] c v] hUuf d bf];|f] kIfsf] ;d]t c+z nfUg] hUuf ePsf] x'Fbf xfd|f] c+lzof/x?n] bfdf;fyLn] efu nufO{ d]/f] efu kg{ cfPsf] ;f] lsQfsf] If]qkmn !–)–)–) sf] gub} %,)),)))÷–?=-cIf]>kL kfFr nfv ?k}Fof dfq_ lbg] ul/Psf] 5 .

@ d k|yd kIfsf] gfpFdf bQf{ ePsf] pQm lsQf hUuf af6 d bf];|f] kIfn] d]/f] c+zefu afktsf] bkmf g+ ! df pNn]lvt ?k}Fof a'lem ;s]sf] x'Fbf ;f] lsQf hUufdf ca cfOGbf s'g} lsl;dsf] bfaL ug{] 5}g . u/]df o;} sfuhaf6 ab/ u/L sfg"g adf]lhd xf];\.

# pNn]lvt ;t{x? olb s'g} kIfn] kfngf gu/]df P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 .

                                 Olt ;Dat\ @)&% ;fn ;fpg !# ut] /f]h ^ z'ed\ .

%=@=* hfx]/L kq

           Hfx]/L kq eGgfn] ;/sf/afbL kmf}hbf/L d'¢fdf s'g} af/bft jf 36gfsf af/]df klxn] ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L lbg k]; u/Lg] b/vf:t jf lgj]bg eGg] a'lemG5 . ;dfhdf 36\g] 36gf 3/]n' lx;+f ,zf/Ll/s ,dfgl;s, oftgf ,s'6lk6 jf rf]/L rsf/L ;DalGw d'¢fdf sf/afxL rnfpg jf sfg"gL k|ls|of ckgfpg k|:t't\ ul/g] sfuhL k|ls|ofnfO{ hfx]/L elgG5 .

 

 

 

 

Hffx]/L kqsf] gd"gf

ljifo M 3/]n' lx+;f P]g cg';d/ sf/afxL rnfO{ kfpF .

sf7df8f} lhNnf tf/s]Zj/  g=kf j8f g+ # a:g] jif{ %) ls ;'lgtf 9'8\u]n ====! Hfx]/L sQf{

lj?¢ M P]=P}= a:g] jif{ #* sf] /fh]Gb| 9'8\u]n

lnkmfafkt ?=!)÷–l6s6 lz/df 6fF;L lgDg s'/fsf] hfx]/L lgj]bg ub{5' .

!= d]/f] sf]vaf6 hohGd ePsf @ efO{ 5f]/f / ! 5f]/L dWo] 5f]/Lsf] ljxfjf/L eO{ cfˆgf] 3/ u/]sf] / klxnf] 5f]/f czaG8f lnO{ 5'l§leGg eO{ ;s]sf] 5 . d]/f] kltsf] klg # jif{ cl3 g} :ju{af; eO{;s]sf]n] d h]7f] 5f]/f] ljkIf ;Gb]z 9'ª\u]n ;Fu a:b} cfPsf] 5' . c? ;Gtfg / kltn] ;d]t 5f]8] kl5 Psdfq ;fxf/f h]7f] 5f]/fnfO{ dfof ddtfn] kfln x'sf{O{ ljxjbjg ;d]t u/fO{lbO{ clxn] $ jif{sf] gflt e};s]sf] 5 . d]/f] kltsf] z]ifkl5sf] kltsf gfddf /x]sf] ;a} ;DklQ ljklIf h]7f] 5f]/fn] s] s'g Joxf]/faf6 cfˆgf gfddf gfd;f/L u/]5 dnfO{ yfx} lyPg . xfn cfP/ dnfO{ ufln unf}h ug{], vfg ;d]t glbg], a'xf/Ln] n5f/k5f/ ug{] sf/0fn] of] ^! jif{sf] pd]/df 3/ 5f]8]/ ;fj]hlgs kf6Lkf}jf / k|ltIfno a:g] / dfu]/ vfO{ lbg sf6]sf] ca:yfdf j[¢f>d ;~rfns ejfgL sf]O/fnfn] e]6L dnfO{ j[¢f>d nu]sfn] xfn s]xL lbgb]lv ;f]xL j[¢f>ddf a;]sf] 5' . olt w]/} ;DklQsf] cfh{gsQf{ d ljleGg /f]usf] pkrf/ ug{ vfg,a:g ;d]t gkfPsL x'Fbf ljkIfnfO{ lemsfO{ 3/]n' lx+;f P]g @)%^ sf] bkmf @sf] pkbkmf 3 / r tyf pkbkmf ! cg';f/ ph'/L u/]sL 5' .

@= ljkIfLnfO{ ;hfo u/fO{ dnfO{ ;xh ?kdf vfg,a:g / pkrf/ ug{ cfaZos Jofj:yf ldnfO{ kfpF .

#= n]lvPsf] Jofxf]/f l7Fs ;fFrf] xf] , em'6f] 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;xF'nf a'empFnf

                        Olt ;Djt\ @)&# ;fn r}t @* ut] /f]h ! z'ed\============! 

                                                                               hfx]/L sQf{ ;ljg 9sfn                                                                                                                                                 

 

 

%=!=( ldnfkq

         s'g} ljifodf ljjfb jf em}–emu8f ePkl5 ul/g] kqnfO{ ldnfkq elgG5 . df}lvs ?kdf ul/Psf] d]nldnfkn] ;d:of ;dfwfg gePdf lnlvt sfuhL k|ls|of x'G5 eg] To;nfO{ ldnfkq elgG5 .

gd"gf

        lnlvtd xfdL tklznsf dflg;x? cfu] d]/f] dxf]Q/L lhNnf alb{jf; g=kf & afnuufsf] ls=g+ ^) sf] hUuf /f]klg )–@–) g]]hUufsf] k"j{ tkm{ Ps cfgf hUufdf k|ltjfbLn] kvf{n nufO{ lvrnf] u¥of] eGg] d jfbLsf] lkm/fbkq ,jfbL bfjL adf]lhd jfbLsf] hUufdf lvrnf] u/L kvf{n nufPsf] geO{ ;f] hUuf alb{jf;  g=kf j8f g+ & jfnu+ufsf] ls g+ %( sf] hUuf /f]klg )–%–) leq d]/f] ls=g+ ^) sf] k"j{sf] Ps cfgf hUufdf k|ltjfbLn] kvf{n nufO{ lvrnf] u/]sfn] lvrnf] d]6fO{ d]/f] xs sfod ul/kfpF eGg] d]/f] lkm/fb bfjL ePtfklg jfbL bfjL 5f]8fO{ ldNg d k|ltjfbLsf] ;d]t d~h'/L ePsfn] dfly n]lvP adf]lhd ldnfkq n]lv lhNnf cbfntdf r9fof}F .

 

 

tkl;n

       jfbL dxf]Q/L lhNnf alb{jf; g=kf j8f g+ & a:g] jif{ %) sf] /fd >]i7 =====!

        K|ltjfbL P]=P] a:g] jif{ $) sf] czf]s >]i7 ==============!

            Olt ;Djt\ @)&^ ;fn df3 # ut] /f]h ! z'ed\ ===================.

      jfbL   bfofF        afofF                    k|ltjfbL     bfofF         afofF

 

 

%=@=!)  5f]8kq

                 ;+uf]ndf /x]sf c+lzof/ jf xsjfnfx? dWo] cfˆgf] efudf kg{] h]yf jf ;DklQ csf{] xsjfnf jf ;+o'Qm k'hf{jfnfnfO{ 5fl8lbg] ljifo pNn]v ul/Psf] lnlvtnfO{ 5f]8kq elgG5 .

gd"gf                

bfofF      afofF

                lnlvtd ef]hk'/ lhNnf /fdk;fb|/fO{ ufpkflnsf j8f g+ & a:g] pd]z v8\sfsf] 5f]/f jif{ #) sf] /d]z v8\sf cfu] tkfO{ ;f]xL 7fpF a:g] pd]z v8\sfsf] @ efO{ 5f]/fdf h]7f d , sfG5f xl/ v8\sf ePsf] cffdf cl:dtf v8\sfsf] % jif{ cl3g} :ju{af; eO{;s]sf]n] hf] ePsf] ;Dklt # efudf nfUg] 5 . tfkgL dnfO{ tkfO{ lktfn] b'Mv u/L k9fO{ O{lGhlgo/ plQ0f{ u/fpg] ePsfn] d cfˆgf] cfh{g af6 Jofjfxf/ rnfpg ;fdy{s ePsf],efO{ pd]z v8\sf xfn ;Dd cWoog/y /x]sf],lktf k"vf{sf] kfnfsf] ;DklQ kof{Kt gePsfn] tkfO{ lktf pd]z v8\sfaf6 cfhsf] ldltdf c+z jfkt !!,))) ÷–-cIf]?kL ?=P3f/ xhf/ gub dfq_ lnO{ c+z 5f]8kq ul/lbPsf] 5' . kl5 lktf k"vf{sf] kfnfsf] ;DklQdf d]/f] klg xs nfUg] 5 elg s'g} d'¢f cbfntdf jf slx ph'/ ug]{ 5}g . u/] o;} lnlvtn] ab/ ul/lbg' elg d]/f] dgf]dfg /fhLv';L ;Fu xfd|} 3/df a;L ;fIfLsf] /f]xa/df c+z 5f]8kqsf] sfuh n]lVf tkfO{ lktf pd]z v8\sfnfO{ lbPF . of] 5f]8kq sfg"g adf]lhd /lhi6]«zg kfl/t ul/lbg]5' .

         Olt ;Djt\ @)&^ ;fn k'; # ut] /f]h $ z'ed\ ===================.

 

                                                   bfFof           afFof  

 

 

 askq M  

        s'g]} klg d'Bf dfldnfdf jflb jf k|ltjfbLsf tkm{af6 ;fIfL a:g] JolQmn] cbfnt ;fd' pkl:yt eO{ d'Bfsf] ljifodf cfkm'n] b]v]–;'g]sf s'/fx? as]sf] s'/f n]lvPsf] sfuh nfO{ elgG5 .

                                                         

                                                

askqsf] gd"gf

;'g;/L lhNnf cbfntsf lHNnf Gofolw; >L ========sf] Ohf;fndf jflbsf] ;fIfL lzjk|;fb kf]v/]nn] Odfg wd{ ;DemL as]sf] askq cbfntaf6 dfd'nL ;f]wk'5

 

 

                                 

 

 

 

 

jfbLsf] sfg'g Jofj;foL clwjQmf >L nf]sgfy e§/fO{n] u/]sf] ;f]wk'5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

k|ltjfbLsf] sfg"g Jofj;fo >L ef]u]Gb| a:g]tsf] lh/x

                                                        

;jfn M tkfO{sf] 3/ / ljjfbsf] hUuf slt 6f9f 5 <=&     hjfkm M d]/} v]t;Fu l;dfgf hf]l8Psf] 5 .==&==                                                                           

;jfn M ;f] hUuf jfbLsf] xsef]udf 5 egL s;/L yfxf                         

        Kffpg'eof]< =========*

 

 

/f]xj/

jfbL /fdb]j d08n ================================== !

k|ltjfbL x/ehg d08n=============================!

Olt ;Djt\ @)&% ;fn ebf} !@ ut] /f]h # z'ed\ ========================= .

^= a}s tyf ljlQo sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL n]vg

^=!  a}+s tyf ljlto sf/f]af/sf] kl/ro

a}+s tyf ljlto sf/f]af/ jf n]gb]g ug{] u/L k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;8ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ a}+s elgG5 . s[lif,;xsf/L ,pwf]u jf cGo s'g} vf; cfly{s k|of]hgsf nflu shf{ lbg] jf ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfaf6 lgIf]k ;ª\Isng ug}{ pb]Zon] k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] ;+:yfnfO{ ljlto ;+:yf elgG5 . a}+sn] ug]{ sf/f]af/ / ltgsf] k|s[ltsf cfwf/df o;nfO{ s]GbLo a}+s / jfl0fHo a}+s u/L b'O{ k|sf/df ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 .

-s_ s]Gb|Lo a}+s

Dff}lb|s k|0ffnL lgoldt ug{] , df}lb|s k|0fnLnfO{ ;s/fTds ?kdf lgoGq0f u/L ;Dk"0f{ a}+s tyf ljlto ;+:yfx?sf] ultlalw ;~rfng ug{] pb]Zon] :yflkt d'Vo ;/sf/L a}+snfO{ s]Gb|Lo a}+s elgG5 .

-v_ jfl0fHo a}+s

b]zsf] jfl0fHo Jofkf/ / jfl0fHonfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{] / ;~rfng ;DalGw sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] pb]Zon] :yflkt a}+snfO{ jfl0fHo a}s elgG5 .

^=@= a}+s tyf ljlto sf/f]af/ n]vgsf] k|sf/

^=@=! a}+s ef}r/

cfly{s sf/f]af/sf] k|f/lDes clen]vnfO{ ef}r/ elgG5 . of] tof/ u/]kl5 dfq vftf jf ;xfos vftfdf sf/f]af/ ul/G5 . a}+s ef}r/sf] kmf/d dxfn]vf k/LIff0f laefu kmf/d g+= !) df pNn]lvt 9fFrf cg';f/ tof/ kfl/G5 .

a}+ssf] ef}r/sf] gd"gf

 

 

Unf]an cfO{PdO{ a}+s ln =                         gub ÷r]sf hDdf ef}r/           ldlt M                                                                                    Vftf g Vftf /x]sf] zfvf sfof{nosf] gfd                                                                                  gub   vftfjfnfsf] gfd M                                                                !)))   r]ssf] ldlt M             r]s g+ =                                   %))    a}+ssf] gfd ÷ zfvf                                                              !))    /sd cIf/df M                                                                    %)                       cfo>f]t                                                       @) Jofkf/     ;DklQ a}+s     shf{   cGo pNn]v ug'{xf];     !)                                                                                                                                                                        %                                                                                     @   /sd cIf/df M                                                                       !   hDdf ug]{sf] gfd M                 hDdf ug]{sf] x:tfIf/ ====================                lkmtf{   kmf]g ÷ df]afOn g+ =                                                    hDdf

                                                            cflwsfl/s x:tfIf/==================

 

 

 

 

^=#=@ z]o/ vl/b kmf/d

            sDkgLdf nufgL ul/Psf] /sd a/fa/sf] :jfldTj sDkgLdf 5 eGg] hgfpg sDklgn] ;DalGwt nufgL sQf{nfO{ lbOg] lg:;fnfO{ z]o/ elgG5 . o; k|sf/ z]o/ eg]sf] s'g} nufgL sQf{sf] sDklgdf /x]sf] lxtnfO{ JoQm ug]{ jf :jfldTj hgfpg] k|n]v xf] .

 

Df5fd'R5] a}+s lnld6]8                      ;fj{hlgs lgisfzg lwtf]kq vl/b tyf /f]Ssf cfj]bg kmf/d ldlt  >L df5fk'R5] a}+s ln Zfvf dxfzo, ldlt M ======== b]lv ============;Dd lgisfzg x'g] b]xfo cg';f/sf] lwtf] kq vl/b ug{] OR5f ePsf]n] ;f] sf] nflu of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] 5' . lgisfzgsQf{sf] sDkgLsf] gfd ================================= lwtf]kqsf] lsl;d =============================================================== lxtu|fxL l8Dof6 vftf g+=                   cfj]bssf] k'/f gfd y/ M Name of applicant-in block le tter_ /sd /f]Ssfsf] /fVg] a}s vftf g+= Zfvfsf] gfd 7]ufgf M   /lhi6]izg g+=( c– ASBA registration no.)

 lwtf] kqsf] ;8Vof                                                 c+sdf                  cIf/df

k|lt lwtf]kq vl/b /sd

 hDdf vl/b /sd

 c+sdf

cIf/df

 pk{o'Qm cg';f/ lwtf]kq vl/bsf nflu cfjZos x'g] /sd d]/f] a}+s vftfdf df}Hhfb /x]sf]n] pQm /sd /f]Ssf /flv lbg'x'g

  cg'/f]w ub{5' . lwtf]kq afF8kmfF8 ePkl5 d]/f] gfddf lwtf]kq afF8kmfF8 x'g] ePdf pQm /sd d]/f] vftfaf6 lgisfzg tyf

  laqmL k|aGwssf vftf dfkm{t lgisfzgsQf{ sDklgsf] vftfdf /sdfGt/sf nflu d]/f] d~h'/L /x]af] 5 . ;fy} To; a}+sn]

  ;fj{hlgs ?kdf pNn]v u/]sf] lwtf]kq vl/b lgj]bg z'Ns ;d]t ;f]lx vftfaf6 s§f u/L c;'n pk/ ug{ xfd|f] d~h'/L

 /x]sf] 5 .   

  cfj]bssf] b:tvt                                                                     5fk -;:yfsf] xsdf _

  Applican't s signature                                                                                       stamp(institution)

 

 

^=@=#   lwtf]aGws td;'s

                    s'g} hfoh]yf vl/b jf Jofj;fo ;~rfngsf nflu a}+s jf ljlto ;+:yfx?af6 lglZrt Jofh c;'Ng] u/L k|jfx ul/Psf] kF'hLnfO{ C0f elgG5 . lglZrt cfly{s C0f lnPjfkt C0fLn] cfˆgf] s'g} klg ;DklQ lwtf] /flv ;DalGwt ;"rgf tyf ;t{ ;lxt n]lvPsf] lnvtnfO{ lwtf] aGws td;'s elgG5 .

gd"gf

         bfofF      afofF     lnlvtd l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf rf}tf/f g=kf=j8f g+  # a:g] ceo l;+xsf] gflt czf]s l;+xsf] 5f]/f jif{ $) sf] cledGo" l;+x cfu] tkfO{ l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf rf}tf/f g=kf= j8f g+ = # j:g] laGb]Zj/ zfxsf] gflt r08]Zj/ zfxsf] 5f]/f jif{ #) sf] lag]Zj/ zfx;Fu cfhsf] ldltdf ?=!)),)))÷–-cIf]?kL ?=Ps nfv dfq_ C0f lnPafkt Jofkf/ ug{ lnPsf] xf] . o; ?kFofsf] ;'/Iffjfkt c? s;}nfO{ ;'/If0f lwtf] jf aGws s]lx u/L glbPsf] d]/f] gfpFdf bQf{ ePsf] l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf rf}tf/f g=kf= j8f g+ =# df /x]sf] ls= g+ = #* sf] hUuf /f]kgL !–)–)–) lwtf] n]lvlbPsf] 5' . o; ?kFof jfktsf] Aofh ;os8f % sf lx;fan] cfhsf] ldltn] ! jif{ leq a'emfpFnf ;f] efvfdf a'emfpFg ;lsg eg] d}n] ;'/If0f afkt lbOPsf] hUuf / gk'u eP d]/f] c? 3/3/fgf af6 ;d]t tkfO{ ;fx"Fsf] ;fFjf Aofh sfg"g adf]lhd c;'n pk/ ug'{ . d s'g} ph'/ jf lj/f]w ug]{ 5}g . u/] o;} lnlvtn] ab/ ul/lbg' elg d]/f] dgf]dfg /fhLv';L;Fu tkfO{ ;fFx"sf] 3/ sf]7fdf al; tkfO{ ;fFx"nfO{ lbP . of] lnlvt sfg"g adf]lhd /lhi6]«zg kfl/t ul/lbg] 5' .

              Olt ;Djt\ @)&% ;fn a}zfv @ ut] /f]h % z'ed\ ================= .

                                                                                          bfofF      afofF

 

^=@=$ lwtf] km'Ssf

   aGws jf lgoGq0fdf /fflvPsf] ;Dkltn] ;DaGlwt JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ laqmL ljt/0f jf a08f ug{sf nflu 5f]l8lbg'nfO{ lwtf] km'Ssf elgG5 . C0f lng'k"j{ C0fL jf hdflgsf] hUuf jf ;DklQ h'g cj:yfdf lyof] ;f]lx cj:yfdf kmsf{pg' g} lwtf]km'sf{ xf] .

gd"gf                                      ldlt M @)&^÷)(÷)*

 

                                      s[lif ljsf; a}+s , bf]nvf

kq=;

>L dfnkf]t sfof{no

, bf]nvf

                              ljifo M nfut s§f tyf lwtf] km's'jf

pko'{tm ;DaGwdf ;+:yfsf] C0f nufgLdf :yfkgf ePsf] xl/ k|= bfxfnsf] df5f kfng Jofj;fon] o; s[lif ljsf; a}+snfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ C0f /sd r'Stf kf/L a'emfPsf] x'Fbf To; sfof{no af6 @ g+ !!# sfod u/L ldlt

@)&^÷)(÷)* ut] kfl/t ul/lbPsf] td;'s b/lk7 u/L km6\6f ul/lbPsf 5f} . ;DalGwt ;+yf ;Dks{ ug{ cfPdf nut s§f ul/lbg'x'gsf  nflu cg'/f]w 5 . ;fy} ;+:yfsf] kq ;ª\Vof !!# ÷)(&! ldlt @)&^÷)(÷)* sf] kqaf6 cg'/f]w u/L g]kfn s[lif ljsf; a}+ssf] gfddf /f]Ssf /x]sf] tkl;ndf pNn]lvt lwtf]df /x]sf] ;DklQ km's'jf ul/lbg' x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . pQm sfo{ ;dkfbg ug{sf nfuL ;+:yfsf ;xlgb]{zs cdf]w clwsf/LnfO{ ;+:yfsf] 5fk lbO clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg u/L k7fOPsf] Joxf]/f ;d]t cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

tkl;n

     g]kfn s[lif ljsf; a}+s , bf]nvfsf] gfddf /x]sf] , bf]nvf lhNnf lh/L g=kf=j8f g+  !) df /x]sf] ls=g+ @!! sf] !–)–)–) – -Ps /f]kgL_ If]qkmn ePsf] hUuf tyf lnu lnufkft ;d]t ;Dk"0f{

                                                                                                  /f]zg sfsL{

                                                                                     k|aGws

& efiff ;Dkfgbg

&=! efiff ;Dkfgbgsf] kl/ro / cfjZostf

       s'g} lnlvt ;fdfu|Lsf] efiff tyf ljifoa:t'nfO{ pko'Q{{ lsl;dn] ;fj{{hlgs ug{ ;'xfpFbf] jf k|sfzg of]Uo agfpg[g} efiff ;Dkfbg xf] . efif ;Dkfbg ubf{ h'g ;fdfgfu|L k|sfzg ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] To;sf] d"n larf/ glalu|g] u/L n]vssf] cfzo gvHldg] u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ kl/dfh{g u/L k|sfzg of]Uo agfOG5 .

&=@ efiff ;Dkfgbgsf] k|sf/

    s'g} klg ;fdfu|L ;Dkfbg ubf{ d"nt M eflifs / ljifo j:t' u/L b'O{ kIfdf x]l/G5 . k|sflzt ;fdfu|L cfsif{s gx'g] s'/fdf k|fljlws kIfn] k|efj kfb{5 . To;}n] eflifs ;Dkfbgdf k|fljlws kIfnfO{ efiff / ljifoj:t'nfO{ Wofg lbg'k5{ .

!= efiff ;Dkfgbg

       ;Dkfbgsf nflu efiff klxnf] / dxTjk"0f{ kIf xf] .  efiff ;Dkfgbg df zJb rog , jfSo u7g, / cg'R5]bx?sf] k"jf{w ;DjGw, lxHh] h:tf kIfx?sf] n]vssf] k|s[lt cg';f/ zJbx?sf] k|of]u ug'{k5{ . eflifs ;Dkfbgdf k|o'Qm x'g] csf]{ dxTk"0f{ kIf n]Vo lrx\g xf] .

@= ljifoj:t' ;Dkfbg

h'g;'s} ;fdfu|L klg s'g} g s'g} ljifo j:t'df cfwfl/t x'G5 . x/]s n]v jf ;fdfu|Ln] s'g} Pp6f ljifo jxg u/]sf] x'G5 . ;DkfbgLo ;fdfu|Ldf h'g ljrf/ wf/0ff,;Gb]z ,efj jf cy{ lglxt 5 . Tof] kf7sn] u|x0f ug'{k5{ . n]Vo ;fdfu|LnfO{ af]wuDo agfpg ljifoj:t'sf] ;Dkfbg ug'{ kb{5 .

 

& efiff ;Dkfgbg

&=! efiff ;Dkfgbgsf] kl/ro / cfjZostf

s'g} lnlvt ;fdfu|Lsf] efiff tyf ljifoa:t'nfO{ pko'Q{{ lsl;dn] ;fj{{hlgs ug{ ;'xfpFbf] jf k|sfzg of]Uo agfpg[g} efiff ;Dkfbg xf] . efiff ;Dkfbg ubf{ h'g ;fdfgfu|L k|sfzg ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] To;sf] d"n larf/ glalu|g] u/L n]vssf] cfzo gvHldg] u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ kl/dfh{g u/L k|sfzg of]Uo agfOG5 .

 

&=@ efiff ;Dkfgbgsf] k|sf/

s'g} klg ;fdfu|L ;Dkfbg ubf{ d"nt M eflifs / ljifo j:t' u/L b'O{ kIfdf x]l/G5 . k|sflzt ;fdfu|L cfsif{s gx'g] s'/fdf k|fljlws kIfn] k|efj kfb{5 . To;}n] eflifs ;Dkfbgdf k|fljlws kIfnfO{ efiff / ljifoj:t'nfO{ Wofg lbg'k5{ .

!= efiff ;Dkfgbg

;Dkfbgsf nflu efiff klxnf] / dxTjk"0f{ kIf xf] .  efiff ;Dkfgbg df zJb rog, jfSo u7g, / cg'R5]bx?sf] k"jf{w ;DjGw, lxHh] h:tf kIfx?sf] n]vssf] k|s[lt cg';f/ zJbx?sf] k|of]u ug'{k5{ . eflifs ;Dkfbgdf k|o'Qm x'g] csf]{ dxTk"0f{ kIf n]Vo lrx\g xf] .

@= ljifoj:t' ;Dkfbg

h'g;'s} ;fdfu|L klg s'g} g s'g} ljifo j:t'df cfwfl/t x'G5 . x/]s n]v jf ;fdfu|Ln] s'g} Pp6f ljifo jxg u/]sf] x'G5 . ;DkfbgLo ;fdfu|Ldf h'g ljrf/ wf/0ff,;Gb]z ,efj jf cy{ lglxt 5 . Tof] kf7sn] u|x0f ug'{k5{ . n]Vo ;fdfu|LnfO{ af]wuDo agfpg ljifoj:t'sf] ;Dkfbg ug'{ kb{5 .

&+=# efiff ;Dkfgbgsf cfwf/e't kIf

efiff ;Dkfbg d"nt M rog ljwf ,ljifo If]q , ljrf/, efj  ;+/rgf / z}nLsf cfwf/df ul/G5 . oL efiff ;Dkfbgsf cfwf/e"t kIf tn pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

&=#=! 5gf]6 M efiff ;Dkfbgdf d'VotofM ljifoj:t'sf] 5gf]6;Fu;Fu} To;df d"ntM ;+/rgf , zAb5gf]6 pNn]vgLo x'G5g\ . o;df ljBf, ljrf/, efj, ;+/rgf / z}nL h:tf s'/fx? kb{5g\ .

&=#=@ ljBf

ljBf eGgfn] syf, sljtf, lgaGw h:tf ;flxTosf ljBf geP/ ljifo If]q eGg] a'lEG5 . ltgLx?sf] cfˆg} ljz]iftf / 9fFrf x'G5g\ . log} If]qsf cfwf/df zAb Pjd\ jfSo rog ul/G5 . ;Dkfbsn] ljBf cg';f/ zAb,jfSo,z}nL Pjd\ ljrf/ ;+of]hg ug{' kb{5 .

 

*= kf08'lnlksf] ;Dkfbg

*=!  kf08'lnlksf] ;Dkfbg

              ;fdfGo tof k|sfzgsf nflu tof/  ul/Psf] ;fdu|LnfO{ kf08'lblk elgG5 . kf08'lnlkn] klxn] n]lvPsf] x:t lnlvt ;fdfu|LnfO{ a'emfp5 . k|sfzsLo ;fdu|L tyf k'/fgf x:tlnlvt ;fdu|L b'a}nfO{ kf08'lnlk elgG5 . oxfF eg] k|sfzgsf nflu tof/ ul/Psf] ;fdfu|Lsf ;Gb{edf kf08'lnlknfO{ lnO{Psf] 5 .

                                          

       ljifo If]q / ljBfsf] b[li6sf]0fn] kf08'lnlk ljleGg lsl;dsf x'G5g\ . kf7\ok':tssf] d"n ;fdu|L zf]w kq,zf]w k|aGw h:tf] geO{ cfGtl/s / jfÅo cfwf/df Joal:yt ul/Psf] x'G5 . Pp6f ;fdu|Lsf] k|sfzgdf n]vssf ;fy} ;Dkfbs k|sfzs / cfjZostf cg';f/ lr`sf/sf] ;d]t ;+nUgtf x'g] xF'bf kf08'lnlk tof/ ubf{ / ;Dkfbg ubf{ pNn]lvt ;a} kIfx? Wofg lbg' kb{5 .

 

cWofo tLg

lgisif{÷ ;f/f+z / ;'emfa

lgisif{

            Jofjxfl/s n]vg eg]sf] Ps ;Gbe{k"0f{ ;+/rgf xf] Jofjxfl/s n]vgaf6 ;fdfHo Jofjxf/ rnfpg cfjZos kg{] 3/fo;L tyf sfof{noLo lr7Lkq n]vgdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ ljifo xf] . Jofjxfl/s n]vg ;a}sf nflu plQs} cfjZos 5 . JolQm tyf ;+3;+:yfdf sfo{/t ;a}sf nflu of] cfjZos kb{5 . Jofjxfl/s n]vg cGt{ut cg'R5]b n]vg tyf Jofjxfl/s n]vg , k|zf;lgs n]vg, sfg"gL n]vg , a}+s tyf ljlto sf/f]af/ ;DalGw n]vg / cGTodf efiff ;dkfbg tyf kf08'lnlksf ;Dkfbg cflb kb{5g\ .

Jofjxfl/s n]vgsf] cfˆg} lsl;dsf] h"g 9fFrfn] 7fpF / sfof{no cg';f/ n]vgdf ljljwtf Nofpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . xfdLx?n] ljleGg k':ts tyf u|Gysf] cWoog ubf{ n]vgsf] 9fFrfdf w]/}g} km/s ePsf] kfOof] . -rf/ jif{ lj=P8_ rf}yf] jif{df cWoog/t\ ljBfyLx?nfO{ Jofjxfl/s n]vg ;DalGw 1fg lbg'sf ;fy} cGo kf7s ju{nfO{ klg of] pkof]uL x'g]5 eGg] cfzf lnPsf 5.} . To;sf/0f Jofjxfl/s n]vg dfgj ;dfhdf clt g} cfjZos ePsf] dxz'; u/L o;n] ;fdfGo Jofjxf/df ;xhkg Nofpg] s'/fdf xfdL ljZj:t 5f} . To;} u/L lj=P8 rf}yf] jif{df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] cf+lzs cfjZostf k"/f ug{ klg dxTjk"0f} e"ldsf v]n]sf] 5 .

;'emfa M

           o; cWoog kq tof/ kfg{] s|ddf b]lvPsf s]xL ;'wf/fTds kIfnfO{ oxfF ;'emfasf] ?kdf k|:t't\ ul/Psf] 5 .

!= ljleGg k':tsdf lbOPsf] gd"gfdf Ps?ktf b]lvPg .

@= :yfgLo tx cg';f/ 9fFrf km/s–km/s b]lvof] .

#= Pp6} 9fFrfdf n]lv Ps?ktf NofpFbf pko'Qm x'g] s'/f b]lvof] .

$= of] n]vgsf] ;'?jft ePsf]n] ;fdu|L h'6fpg ;d:of blvof] .

%= kf7\os|d lgdf{0f ubf{ cfO=P8 tx b]lv g} s]xL g s]xL ljifoj:t' /fVg' kg{] lyof] .

^= lj=P=lj=P8 sf] clgjfo{ g]kfnLdf /fVg' kg{] x'Gyof] .

&= of] ljifo j:t' uxg ePsf]n] o;sf] nflu ;Gbe{–k':tsx? k|z:t pknAw u/fpg' cfjZos 5 . 

;Gbe{ ;"lr

>]i7 , 1fg]Gb| axfb'/ -@)&#_ sfg"gL lnlvt d:of}bf Pjd\ Jofj;flos cfr/0f gLlt / sfg"gL ;Lk, sf7df8f} k}/jL k|sfzg

    clwsf/L /fds'/fd , vlgof a'l¢/fh -@)&%_ Jofjxfl/s n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg M h'lk6/ lk|lG6ª P08 klAnl;ª\u xfp; sf7df8f}

   nD;fn /fdrGb| , vgfn /fh]Gb| -@)&%_ Jofjxfl/s n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg M ;gnfO6 klAns];g sLlt{k'/ sf7df8f} .

    :yfgLo dfnkf]t sfof{no a}+s, Onfsf, k|zf;g sfof{no, :yfgLo ljsf; sfof{nodf kfOPsf kqklqsf tyf lnlvtsf gd"gfx?

                                               ;nf{xL xl/jg

cWoogkqsf] gd'gf

cWoogkq n]vg tyf ;Dkfbgsf ;fdu|Lsf] gd'gf

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lqe'jg ljZjljBfno,lzIffzf:q ;ª\sfo , g]kfnL lzIffcGt{ut :gfts tx

rf}yf] jif{sf] g]kf= lz= $$^ kf7\of+++zsf] k|of]hgfy{ k|:t't\

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

g]kfnL efiff lzIff ljefu

>L kz'klt ax'd'lv SofDk; rfjlxn

                              @)&& ÷2021

………………………………

k/LIff qmdfª\s M @&*)!$^

lq =lj = bQf{ g+ =&–@–@&&–^#–@)!@