sIff gf}df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf
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lqe'jg ljZjljBfno lzIffzf:q ;ª\sfo,kz'klt ax'd'vL SofDk; rfjlxn,
g]kfnL lzIff ljefu :gfts tx rf}yf] jif{ cGt{ut cg';Gwfg ljlw d]h/ sf]8{ g.$$%
sf] k|of]ufTds cflzs kf7|oef/ k"/f ug{ tof/ kfl/Psf] k|ltj]bg
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gfd M xl/ z/0f yfkf
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lq= lj= bQf{ g++=&–@–@&&–^#–@)!@
lqe'jg ljZjljBfno
kz'klt ax'd'vL SofDk; ,rfjlxn
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lqe'jg ljZjljBfno
g]kfn lzIff ljefu
kz'klt ax'd'vL SofDk; ,rfjlxn
kq ;ªVofM–
rnfgL g+=–
l;kmfl/; kq
xl/z/0f yfkf n] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno, lzIff zf:q ;+\sfo cGtu{t kz'klt ax'd'vL SofDk;,rfjlxn, g]kfnL lzIff ljefudf :gfts tx rf}yf] jif{ k"/f ug{sf nflu k|:t't\ sIff gf} df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf zLif{ssf] cWoogkq d]/f] lgb{]zgdf tof/ kfg'{ ePsf] xf] . pxfFn] kl/>d / nugzLntfsf ;fy cWoog ;DkGg ug{'ePsf] 5 . lgod cg';f/ afXo kl/If0fsf nflu l;kmfl/; ub{5' .
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ljifo lzIfs
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lqe'jg ljZjljBfno
g]kfn lzIff ljefu kz'klt ax'd'vL SofDk;
sf7df8f},rfjlxn
kq ;ªVofM–
rnfgL g+=– :jLs[lt kq
xl/z/0f yfkf 4f/f k|:t't\ sIff gf} df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf zLif{ssf] cWoogkq g]kfnL lzIffsf] :gfsf]Tt/ txsf pko'Qm 7xl/Psfn] :jLs[lt k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
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n]Vg' ,k9\g' cfkm}df sl7g sfo{ xf] . s'g} klg ljifodf zf]w cWoog ug{' ;lhnf] sfd klg xf]Og . yf]/} ldx]gt / ;xof]un] of] zf]wkq tof/ klg x'b}Fg . o;df k|ToIf ck|ToIf ?kdf w]/} ;xof]uL xftx?sf] ;fy 5 . oL ;a}sf] ;xo]u, ;fy / xf};nfn] sIff gf} df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf zLif{ssf] of] zf]wkq tof/ ePsf] 5 . of] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno lzIffzf:q ;+sfo kz'klt ax'd'vL SofDk;,rfjlxn, g]kfnL lzIff ljefuaf6 jflif{s k|0ffnL cGt{ut g]kfnL lzIff cg';Gwfg ljlw sf]8{ g.$$% ljifodf rf}yf] jif{sf] :gfts tx cGt{ut pkflwsf lgldQ k|:t't\ ul/Psf] 5 .
k|:t't\ zf]w sfo{nfO{ d"t{ ?k k|bfg ug]{ qmddf ;d:ofx?sf] klxrfg, p2]Zo lgwf{/0f, ;dfu|L lgdf{0f / kl/dfh{g, ljljw tyf k|lqmofx?sf] 5gf]6, ;'rgfx?sf] juL{s/0f / tflnsLs/0f nufot ;Dk"0f{ r/0fa4 k|lqmofdf cfˆgf ljljw sfo{df Jo:t x'Fbfx'b} klg ;'?b]lv cfh;Dd lg/Gt/ ?kdf cd"No ;do lbO{ s'zn lgb]{zg k|bfg zf]w lgb]{zs tyf cfb/0fLo u'? g]kfnL lzIfs laBfno k|fWofks 3gZofd kGt Ho" k|lt d xflb{s s[t1tf 1fkg ub{5' . o;} s|ddf lgoldt ?kdf dfu{bz{g k|bfg ug{'x'g] cfb/0fLo SofDk; k|d'v >L xl/nfn d}gfnL Ho", lzIff laefu k|d'v >L lrq s'df/ kGt Ho" tyf lzIff ljefusf ;a} u'?x?df d x[bo b]lv cfef/ k|s6 ub{5' . ;fy} zf]wkq 6ªsg / 5kfO{sf] ;Dk"0f{ clef/ lng] dLgf s'df/L bfxfnnfO{ klg ljz]if wGojfb lbg rfxfG5' .
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@=# ;}4flGts cjwf/0ff
@=#=! syf ;flxTosf] kl/ro
@=#=@ syfsf] kl/efiff
@=#=# eflifs ;Lk / syf ljwf
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@=#=% oflGqs,lgb]{lzt,:jtGq jf l;h{gfTds n]vgsf] kl/ro
cWofo M ltg
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!=! ljifo k|j]z
;flxTosf ljljw ljBf dWo] syf ljBf Ps dxTjk"0f{ ljBf xf] . dfWolds txdf g]kfnL lzIf0f ug{'sf] d"Vo p4]Zo eg]s} ljBfyL{x?df eflifs Ifdtf ljsf; u/fpg' klg xf] . efiffsf rf/ j6} ;Lksf] ljsf; u/fpg efiff kf7\ok':tsdf ;dflji6 ljBfx?dWo] syf ljBfsf] 5'§} dxTj /x]sf] 5 . cGo ljBfx?eGbf syf ljBfaf6 ljBfyL{x?n] al9 cfgGbsf] cg'e"lt ub{5g\ . syfaf6 ljBfyLx? syfsyg Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug{'sf ;fy} 36gf qmdnfO{ ldnfP/ syf n]Vg] l;h{gfTds Ifdtfsf] ljsf; x'G5 .
;+:st wft'Ú cfwf/ kbdf …cfÚ k|Too hf]l8P/ ag]sf] syfsf] zflAbs cy{ eGg' jf atfpg' x'G5 . elgg] s'/f jf syg eGg] JolQm jf syf{otf ePsf] ;dfVofgfTds /rgfnfO{ syf zAbn] af]w u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . cª\u|hLdf syf ljBfsf] yfngLsf s|ddf o;nfO{ ;6 6]n (short tale) / kl5 ;6{ :6f]/L eg]sf] kfOG5 . o;sf] cy{ uBdf n]lvg] 5f]6f] cfVofg x'G5, t/ g]kfnLdf elgg] n3' syf eg] of] xf]Og .
g]kfnLdf eg] obfsbf …sxfgLÚ / …uNkÚ b'a} zAbsf] k|of]u kfOPklg syf zAb g} ;j{dfGo /x]sf] kfOG5 . syf eGGf] / ;'GGf] k/Dk/f w]/} k'/fgf] xf] . syfTds /rgfx? n]Vg ;do klg k|flrg g} b]vf k5{ . k"jL{o tyf kfZrfTo hutdf syfsf] k/Dk/f clt k|flrg b]vf k5{ . syfsf] k|flrg :j?k / k/Dk/fnfO{ b[li6ut ubf{ k"jL{o ;Eotf ;+:s[lt / snfsf] cflbd ;|f]tsf] ?kdf /x]sf] /fdfo0fdf syfsf] lar e]6\g ;lsG5 . nf}lss ;flxTokl5 ;+:s[t ;flxTodf /rgfx? lgs} ;'bL3{ k/Dk/f b]vf k5{ .
k"j{df syf n]Vg] k/Dk/f b]vfk5{ . k"j{df k|flrg syfsf] olt ;'bL{3 / ;'b[9 k/Dk/ ePklg pko'Qm /rgfx? syf n]Vg] eg]/ n]lvPsf xf]Ogg\ gLlt l;sfpg] jf b[i6fGt lbg] p2]Zon] aflwPsf 5g / o;n] ubf{ k"j{df af}l4s ;flxTo b]lv ;+:s[t ;flxTo ;Dd syfn] 5'§} ;flxlTos ljBfsf] :js[tL kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g\ . cfw'lgs syfnfO{ k|flrg syfsf] ljsl;t ?k dfGg g;Sg] d"n uf9L klg olx xf] . lsgeg] k|flrg syfTds /rgfsf ljk/Lt cfw'lgs syf ;xh / ;}4flGts syf n]Vgsf] kl/0ffd xf] .
k"jL{o tyf kfZrfTo hut\df syf ljBfsf] ljsf;sf] k/Dk/f clt k|flrg b]lvPklg o;n] ;}4flGts ;r]ttfsf ;fy cfkm"nfO{ lrgfPsf] ;do eg] !( cf} ztfAbLsf] yfngLlt/ xf] . !( cf} ztfAbLdf klZrddf Psflt/ bGTo syfsf] k/Dk/f lyof] eg] csf{lt/ syfTds lgaGwsf] k/Dk/f lyof] . P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ld clt k|flrg b]lvP klg syfn] cfˆgf] 5'§} :j?k k|fKt u/L :jtGq ljBfsf bf];|f] bzsb]lv cfkm"nfO{ syfsf] ?kdf Gjf/g u/fO{ cfh ;Dd ljsl;t t'NofpFb} cfPsf] 5 . !
!=@ ;d:ofsf] syg
Effiff ljrf/, ljlgdosf] ;fwg xf] . of] 1fg cfh{gsf] dfWod klg xf] . eflifs ;Lkx? ;'gfO{, af]nfO{, k9fO{ / n]vfO{af6 efiffsf] cfbfg k|bfg x'G5 . efiff l;sfOsf nflu oL rf/} ;Lkx? Ps csf{df cGof]Gofl>t /x]sf] x'G5g\ . To;}n] k|fylds tx b]lvg} ljBfyL{x?nfO{ eflifs ;Lkx?sf] 1fg x'g' cfjZos 5 . n]vfO{ ;LKf cleJolQm Ifdtf cGtu{t kb{5 . afnaflnsfsf] l;h{gfTds Ifdtf n]vfO{ ;Lkaf6 k|s6 x'g hfG5 . afnaflnsfx?sf] l;h{gfTds Ifdtf k|:km'6g u/fpg syf n]vgnfO{ n]vgsnf ljsf;df dxTjk"0f{ lqmofsnfksf ?kdf lnOG5 . syf n]vg n]vgsnf ljsf;sf] dxTjk"0f{ cfwf/ klg xf] .
dfWolds ljBfnosf ;fy} ljZjljBfno txsf g]kfnL kf7\os|dx?n] syf ljBf lzIf0f / syf n]vg ;DalGw kf7\os|d 5gf]6 u/L :t/0f ul/Psf] tYon] o;sf] dxTjnfO{ emNsfPsf] 5 . o; kl/k]Iodf ljBfno txsf] dfWolds emNsfPsf] 5 . o; kl/k]Ifdf ljBfno txsf] dfWoflds tx sIff gf} df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf cWoognfO{ k|:t't\ zf]w sfo{sf] d"Vo ;d:of, dflg To;nfO{ b]xfoadf]lhd b'O{ efudf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 M
· sIff gf} df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf s] s:tf] 5 <
· pQm sIffdf cWoog/t ;fd"bflos tyf ;+:yfut ljBfnosf g]kfnL dft[eflif / g]kfnL Ot/dft[eflif 5fq5fqfx?sf] ;f] Ifdtfdf s] s:tf] leGgtf 5 <
· sIff gf} df cWoog/t 5fq / 5fqfsf] syf n]vgsf] t'ngfTds cj:yf kQf nufpg' Ifdtf s]–s:tf] 5 ?
!=# cWoogsf] p2]Zox?M
k|:t't\ cWoogsf nflu lgDgfg';f/ b'O{ j6f p2]Zox? Tfof/ ul/Psf 5g\ M
s_ sIff gf} df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf klxrfg ug'{,
v_ pQm sIffdf cWoog/t ;fd"bflos tyf ;+:yfut ljBfnosf g]kfnL dft[eflif / g]kfnL Ot/dft[eflif 5fq5fqfx?sf] ;f] Ifdtfsf] t'ngf ug'{,
u_ sIff gf} df cWoog/t 5fq / 5fqfsf] syf n]vgsf] t'ngfTds cj:yf kQf nufpg',
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efiffsf rf/ k|d'v ;Lkx? dWo] n]vfO{ ;Lk dxTjk"0f{ dflgG5 . s'g} klg JolQmn] cfkm"n] JoQm ug{ vf]h]sf s'/f s;/L k|:t't\ ubf{]/x]5 eGg] s'/f n]vfO{ ;Lkaf6 k|li6G5 . To:t} df}lvs ?kdf JoQm s'/fx?nfO{ n]vfO{af6 b]vfpg ;Sg] k|ltef slQsf] 5 eGg] s'/f n]vfO{ ;Lkaf6} k|s6 x'G5 . o;} s'/fnfO{ dWogh/ ub{} ljBfno txsf] kf7\oqmddf sIff lzIf0f tyf syf n]vgnfO{ ljz]if dxTjsf ;fy /flvPsf] 5 . dfWolds txsf] kf7\oqmddf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ljleGg 36gf s|dx? lbP/ syf n]Vg k|]l/t ul/Psf] 5 . o; ;Gb{edf x]bf{ sIff gf} df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] cWoog gfds k|:t't\ cg';Gwfg cWoogsf] cf}lrTo :jt Mk|:6 x'G5 . dfWolds lzIff k/LIff P;OO ;Fu k|ToIf ;DaGw /fVg] o; txdf cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] n]vg Ifdtf klxrfg u/L cfjZos k/fdz{ lbg] p2]Zon] ul/Psf] k|:t't\ cf}lrTok"0f{ x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] cf}lrTonfO{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf a'bfFx?df ;d]6\g ;lsG5 M
-s_ 5fq5fqfsf] tfls{s Ifdtf klxNofpg,
-v_ df}lns ?kdf 5fq5fqfsf] eflifs Ifdtf kQf nufpg,
-u_ df}lns ?kdf syfsyg / n]vg Ifdtfsf] cg'lzng ug{,
-3_ 5fq5fqfdf g}lts, d"NodfGotf / dfgjtfjfbL b[li6sf]0f ljsf; ug{,
-ª_ tfls{s Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug'{,
-r_ ;f] cWoog ug{] aflgsf] ljsf; ug'{
-5_ efiff kf7oqmddf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] rf/ eflifs ;Lk ;DalGw p2]Zo k"/f x'g] u/L ljBfut 5gf]6 tyf ljBfut If]q lgwf{/0fsf nflu ;xof]u ug'{,
-h_ syf n]vg Ifdtf ;Fu ;DalGwt cGo cg';Gwfg cWoogdf ;3fpg',
-em_ lzIfsx?nfO{ ljBfyL{x?sf] n]vfO{ Ifdtfsf] d"Nofªsg u/L sIff lzIf0f ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' .
#
!=% cWoogsf] ;Ldf
;nf{xL lhNnfsf] pQ/L If]qdf /x]sf] ;'Gb/ ko{6sLo xl/jg gu/kflnsfdf hDdf @( j6f ljBfnox? /x]sf 5g\ . ltgdf klg dfWolds ljBfno–^, cfwf/e"t ljBfno–@ / cfwf/e't ljBfno–@! Jf6f 5g\ . k|:t't\ zf]wsfo{df ;a} ljBfnox?sf] cWoog ug{ ;Dej gePsfn] o; cWoogsf] ;Ldfª\sg lgDg lnlvt ?kdf ul/Psf] 5 M
-s_ k|:t't\ cWoog ;nf{xL lhNnfsf] xl/jg gu/kflnsfsf ltg j6f ;fd"bflos / ltg j6f ;+:yfut ljBfnodf sIff gf} df cWoog/t hDdf ^) hgf k|ltlglw ljBfyL{df s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 .
-v_ of] sIff gf} df cWoog/t #) hgf 5fq / #) hgf 5fqfsf] syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] t'ngfTds cWoogdf s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 .
-u_ of] sIff gf} df cWoog/t #) hgf g]kfnL dft[eflif / #) hgf Ot/dft[eflif ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] t'ngfdf l;ldt /x]sf] 5 .
-3_ of] sIff gf} df cWoog/t #) hgf g]kfnL dft[eflif 5fq 5fqf dWo] !% hgf 5fq !% hgf 5fqfsf] syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] t'ngfTds cWoogdf l;ldt /x]sf] 5 .
-ª_ of] sIff gf} df cWoog/t #) hgf g]kfnL Ot/dft[eflif 5fq 5fqf dWo] !% hgf 5fq / !% hgf 5fqfsf] syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] t'ngfTds cWoogdf l;ldt /x]sf] 5 .
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cWofo M b'O{
k"j{sfo{sf] ;dLIff / ;}4flGts cjwf/0ff
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k|:t't\ zf]wsfo{sf lglDt ljleGg lj4jfgx?n] ljBfno tyf ljZjljBfno txsf nflu tof/ u/]sf kf7\ok':ts, ljleGg k|sfzg u[xaf6 k|sflzt kqklqsf, lzIffzf:q ;ªsfo ;DalGw ljleGGf pkflwsf nflu k|:t't\ tyf k|sflzt zf]wkqx? cflbsf] dfq o;df k"g/fjnf]sg ul/Psf] 5 .
9sfn / vltj8f - @)^(_n] g]kfnL efiff / ;flxTo lzIf0f -k[@#(_ df ;du|?kdf efjgf tyf lrGtfsf] ;+of]hg, sNkgf, r]tgf / ;Tosf] ;lDdl>t dfgj hLjg xf] eg]sf 5g\ . o;df pgLx?n] hxfF of] dfgj hLjg 5 ToxfF o;sf syf / Joyf cjZo x'G5g\ eGb} syfsf] k/Dk/f dfgj hLjgsf] k/Dk/f ;Fu} ljsf; ePsf] kfOG5 eGg] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . To:t} fgj hLj;Fu ;Da4 sxL rdTsfl/s clj:d/ofLo Ifof jf 36gfx? x'G5g\ / To:tf If0fdf 36gfx?sf] ljj/0ffTds ;+:d/0f g} syf xf] eGg] pgLx?sf] egfO{ 5 . o;af6 cWoogdf ljBfyL{x?n] 36gf / ljj/0fx?nfO{ s;/L ;dfj]z u/] eGg] x]g{ ;xh x'G5 .
9'ª\u]n / bfxfn -@)&)_ n] g]kfnL syf / pkGof; -k[ $_ gfds s[ltdf syf s'g} klg lglZrt ;+/rgfdf cfa4 k|eflGjltk"0f{ sNkgfTds ;+lIfKt cfsf/sf] ;flxTosf] cfVofgfTds uB ?k xf] eg]sf 5g\ . o:t} o;df :yflkt d"No dfGotf ;fy} o'u cg';f/sf] d"No dfGotfnfO{ pQm ;+Dj]bgfsf ;fy :jt M k"0f{ Pjd ltj|tfsf k|efjzfnL ?kdf cleJoQm ul/G5 eGg] ljrf/ k|s6 ul/Psf] 5 . o;af6 o; cWoogdf ljBfyL{sf] cleJolQm Ifdtf klxrfgdf d4t ub{5 .
Zfdf{ / kf}8]n -@)&$_ 4f/f g]kfnL efiff lzIf0fsf ;Gbe{x? –k[=$&–$*_ df syf 36gf k|wfg xf] / ljleGg 36gf tTjn] o;df syfgsf] sfd ub{5g\ eGg] syfsf af/]df l6Kk0fL ul/Psf] 5 . z}Ifl0fs b[li6n] /f]rs 36gf , ;/n ljifoj:t' , sYo efiffsf] lgs6 ;+jfbsf] pkof]u j0ff{Tds , jfSoffTds ;/ntf , zflAbs ;/ntf tyf k|:t'tLut >+[vnf / s't'xn] cGo uB ljBf eGbf of] lgs} cfsif{s x'G5 eGb} lgkft , pvfg , 6'Ssf , kl/eflifs ÷k|fljlws zAb k|of]u ljifout ljljwtf hLjGt rfl/lqs bz{g / e"tsfnLg lqmofkbsf] k|of]un] syfnfO{ /f]rs / cfsif{s agfPsf] kfOG5 eGg] ljrf/ k|s6 ul/Psf] 5 . o;n] cWoogdf efiffdf ljBfyL{sf] cj:yf x]g{ ;lsG5 .
9sfn -@)&^_ n] sIff gf}df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] ;:j/ k7gsf] Ifdtfsf] cWoog u/]sf 5g\ . o; zf]wkqdf ;nf{xL lhNnfsf] kfFr ;xsf/L / kfFr lghL ljBfno u/L hDdf !) j6f ljBfnosf !),!) hgf ljBfyL{sf b/n] Ps ;o hgf ljBfyL{x?sf] cWoog ul/Psf] 5 . ;nf{xL lhNnfdf sIff gf}df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] ;:j/ k7g Ifdtfsf] cWoog ug'{ sIff gf}df cWoog/t 5fq / 5fqfsf] ljBfyL{x?sf] ;:j/ k7gsf] t'ngfTds cWoog ug'{ ,
%
dft[efifL / ljdft[efifL ljBfyL{x?sf] ;:j/ k7gsf] t'ngfTds cWoog ug'{ , dft[efifL / ljdft[efifL ljBfyL{x?sf] ;:j/ k7gsf] t'ngfTds cWoog ug{] ;:j/ k7gdf b]vfkg{] ;d:ofsf sf/0f kQf nufpg', / ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;'emfj lbg' o; cWoogsf kfFr j6f p4]Zo to ul/Psf] 5g\ . :gfsf]TQ/ txsf] zf]wkqdf ;nf{xL lhNnfsf] sIff gf}df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] ;:j/ k7g Ifdtf ;du|df ljBfyL{n] hfgL jf ghfgL ;:j/ k7gsf tTjx?sf k|of]u n]lbPklg wf/0ffTds / 1fgfTds kIfaf6 x]bf{ ;:j/ k7gsf ljleGg tTjx?df ljBfyL{x?sf] cj:yf ;jn dfGg ;lsg] b]lvPg .
syf dfgj hLjgdf 36\g] / 3l6;s]sf oyfy{ jf ;DefJo 36gfx?sf] oyfy{df cfwfl/t j0f{g x'gfn] o;nfO{ dfgj hLjg hlts} k|flrg ;flxlTos ljBf dflgG5 . dfG5]n] ;Eotfsf] k|yd k|x/ b]lv g} cfˆgf] lghL ;+j]bgf , ;+j]u / cg"e"ltx? pTs07f / pdª\ux? cfˆgf lgs6td JolQmx?nfO{ cleJoQm ub{} cfPsf cfVofgx?nfO{ syf gfd lbOPsf] 5 . o;/L dfgj ;Eotfsf] kl/jt{g ;Fu;Fu} syfx? Klg kl/jt{g x'b}F cyf{t\ cfˆgf] :j?k km]b{} cfh cfw'lgs syfsf ?kdf :yflkt ePsf 5g\ . syf eGgfn] ;+:s[t ;flxTodf jl0f{t syf eGg] ga'emL lxlGbdf k|rlnt sxfgL, aª\ufnLdf k|rlnt uNkm / cª\u|]hLdf jl0f{t ;6{ :6f]/L h:tf cfw'lgs 9ª\u / 9fFrfdf n]lvPsf ;flxlTos ljBf eGg] a'‰g' k5{ . cfw'lgs syfsf] ;[hgf ;j{k|yd cª\u|]hLdf clg ?l; ;flxTosf ePsf] kfOG5 . cª\u|]hLdf cd]/Lsfsf P8u/ Pn]g kf] ;6{:6f]/Lsf k|yd ;|i6f x'g\ eg] ?;L ;flxTosf Pg=eL=uf]un x'g\ . o;/L cd]/Lsf / ?;sf hGd]sf :6f]/L kl5 cGo , o'/f]l;ognL n]vsx?sf] ann] cGoGq klg emflub} uPsf] kfOG5 . k"jL}o / kfZrfTo hut\df nf]s k/Dk/faf6 ;'? eOsf] syfn] Ps ;zSt ljBfsf] ?k wf/0ff u¥of] . jt{dfg o;sf] Jofkstf tyf nf]s lk|otfnfO{ x]bf{ ;flxTodf o;sf] :yfg dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] tYonfO{ cl:jsf/ ug{ ;lsbF}g .
ljifoj:t'sf] gd"gf
g]kfnL Ot/dft[efifL 5fqfx?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf ;+/rgf
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d"Nofªsgsf cfwf/ |
pQd |
dWood |
;fdfGo |
Go"g |
s'n hDdf |
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k"0f{ª\s |
&–!) |
%–^ |
$ |
!–# |
!) |
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ljBfyL{ ;+Vof |
– |
! |
!) |
– |
!! |
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K|ltzt |
– |
(=)( |
()=() |
– |
!)) |
:ynut cWoog,@)&^
Dflysf] tflnsf $÷% cg';f/ syfsf] ;+/rgfsf] cfwf/df syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] d"Nofª\sg ul/Psf] 5 . o;df ljBfyL{x?n] zLif{s lbP glbPsf] ,cg'R5]b kl/jt{g u/] gu/]sf] / ;+jfbsf] k|of]u u/] gu/]sf] x]l/Psf] 5 . !! g]kfnL Ot/dft[efifL 5fqfx? dWo] ! hgfn] zLif{s lbP/ cg'R5]b kl/jt{g u/]sf] kfOof] . h;nfO{ dWoddf /flvPsf] 5 . afFls !) hgfn] zLif{s dfq /fv]/ syf n]v]sf] kfOof] . h;nfO{ ;fdfGodf /flvPsf] 5 .
^
eflifs z'4tf
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d"Nofª\sg cfwf/ |
pQd |
dWod |
;fdfGo |
Go"g |
s'n hDdf |
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k"0ff{ª\s |
& –!) |
%– ^ |
$ |
!=# |
!) |
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ljBfyL{ ;ª\Vof |
% |
! |
% |
– |
!! |
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k|ltzt |
$%=$% |
(=)( |
$%=$% |
– |
!)) |
Dflysf] tflnsf $÷%# cg';f/ syfsf] eflifs z'4tfsf] cfwf/df syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] ul/Psf] 5 . To;df lJfBfyL{x?n] jfSo u7g ldnfPsf] gldnfPsf] lxHh] ulNt u/]sf]÷gu/]sf] lrGx« k|of]u ;lx 9ª\un] u/]sf]÷gu/]sf] / j0f{ljGof;sf] ;lx k|of]u u/]sf]÷gu/]sf] x]l/Psf] 5 . o;/L x]l/Psf] 5 . o;/L x]bf{ % hgfn] eflifs z'4tfsf ;a} kIfnfO{ ldnfP/ syf n]v]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . h;nfO{ pQddf /flvPsf] 5 . Ps hgfn] s'g} jfSo u0fgfdf j0f{ ljGof; / lxHh] ulNt u/]sf] kfOof] . h;nfO{ dWoddf /flvPsf] 5 . afFsL % hgfn] w]/} zAbx?df ulNt u/]sf] kfOof] . h;nfO{ ;fdfGodf /flvPsf] 5 . Ps hgfn] w]/} zAbx?df ulNt u/]sf] kfOof] . h;nfO{ ;fdfGodf /flvPsf] 5 .
Tflnsf
;+/rgf
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d"Nofª\sg cfwf/ |
pQd |
dWod |
;fdfGo |
Go"g |
s'n hDdf |
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k"0ff{ª\s |
& –!) |
%– ^ |
$ |
!=# |
!) |
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ljBfyL{ ;ª\Vof |
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! |
@( |
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#) |
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k|ltzt |
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#=## |
(^=## |
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!)) |
&
@=@ cWoogsf] pkfb]otf
k|:t't cWoogkqsf] cWoogn] k7gkf7g / efiff ;Dkfbgdf lgDg If]qx?nfO{ ;d]6L cWoog cg';Gwfgdf k"j{ sfo{sf] ;dLIff cToGt cfjZos /x]sf] 5 . k"j{sfo{sf] cWoogn] of] cWoogkq tof/ kfg{ cfjZos k|]/0ff ldn]sf] 5 . tLdWo] s]xL pkfb]otfx?nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 M
Ø k"j{sfo{sf] ;dLIffn] ;d:ofnfO{ /fd|/L a'emL cWoog ljZn]if0f ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] 5 .
Ø of] cWoognfO{ pknlAwd"ns agfpg k"j{ cWoog ;xof]uL ag]sf] 5 .
Ø ljwfyL{x?nfO{ a'Fnfsf cfwf/df stf n]vg u/fpg of] k"j{ cWoog ;xof]uL ag]sf] 5 .
Ø k"j{sfo{sf] cWoog ljZn]if0fnfO{ cfwf/ dfGb} eljiodf ug{ ;lsg] cg';Gwfgsf If]qx? kQf nufpg of] pkof]uL l;4 ag]sf] 5 .
@=# ;}4flGts cjwf/0ff
@=#=! syfsf] ;}4flGts kl/ro
syf ;flxTosf] Ps k|d'v ljwf xf] . syf zAbn] syg eGg] cy{ axg ub{5 . syf zAbsf] lgdf{0f ;+:s[tsf] æsy\Æ wft'df æcÆ k|Too nfu]/ æsyÆ ag]kl5 To;df æcfÆ k|Too nfu]/ ePsf] xf] . o;sf] zflAbs cy{ æs]lx sxg' Æ eGg] x'G5 . syf ;flxTosf] ;j{ k|frLg ljwf xf] . eGg] ;'Gg] / ;'gfpg] k/Dk/faf6 ljsl;t ePsf] syf ljwf jt{dfg ;dodf lgs} nf]slk|o ePsf] kfO{G5 .
syf dfgj hLjgdf 36]sf lttf ld7f 36gf tyf cg'ejx?sf] l;nl;nfj4 k|:t'tL xf] . syfdf pkGof;sf t'ngfdf yf]/} kfq l;ldt kl/j]z ;fgf] syf ;fgf] cfsf/ / hLjgsf] s'g} Ps kIfsf] lrq0f ul/Psf] x'G5 . dfgjLo hLjghut\sf] s'g} Ps dxTjk"0f{ 36gfx?nfO{ x[bo;+j]b cfVofgdf k|:t't ul/Psf] /rgfnfO{ syf elgG5 .
k"jL{o / kfZrfTo hut\df nf]s k/Dk/faf6 ;'? ePsf] syfn] Ps ;zQm ljwfsf] ?kdf wf/0ff u¥of] . jt{dfgdf o;sf] Jofkstf tyf nf]slk|onfO{ x]bf{ ;flxTodf o;sf] :yfg dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] tYonfO{ c:jLsf/ ug{ ;lsFb}g -nfld5fg],@)%$M
*
@=#=@ syfsf] kl/efiff
syfsf] kl/efiffsf] ;DaGwdf k"jL{o / kfZrfTo ljb\jfgx?n] cf–cfˆgf] lsl;dn] k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . oBkL cfw'lgs syfsf] hGd / ljsf; kZrft hutdf ePsf] x'gfn] kfZrfTy ljb\jfgsf kl/efiffx?nfO{ cln al9 dxTj lbg] u/]sf] kfO{G5 . k"jL{o ;:+s[t ;flxTosf kt~hnL / sfTofog dxlif{ syfsf] jLh cfVofgsf] kl/efiff lbg] k|of; u/]sf 5g clg j]bJof;n] klg cfBofgsf] kl/ro lbg] qmddf dxfef/tsf] ltg –!!– #^ ;'lQm / efujt\ lutfsf] !& cWofosf] !% cf}F Znf]sdf o;f] elgPsf] 5 –cfj]u / pQ]hgfdf gnflusg cfˆgf] :jtGq cWoog 4f/f jrgdo tk:of l;4 ug{ ;lsg] ;To lzj / lk|o x'g] cfVofgnfO{ syf elgG5 . -;'j]bL,@)%!M(_
yf]/}df ld7f] / el/nf] x'g] 5f]6f] ls:tfsf] aflg xf] Mof] klg Pp6f ;fgf] ;+;f/ xf] / dfxfg ;+;f/ xf] -;'j]bL,@)%!,k[=!%_ .
g]kfnL ;flxTo ;|:6fx?df dxfslj nIdL k|;fb b]jsf]6f syfsf] kl/efiff o;/L k|:t't ub{5g –syf Pp6f ;fgf] cflv‰ofn xf] hxfFaf6 Pp6f ;fgf] ;+;f/ lrxfO{G5 .
kl/j]z cfVofg / k|ltlqmofsf] cGt{lglxt of]hgfdf afFlwP/ k|ltkmlnt x'g] n3' lj:tf/ ePsf] uB ;+sygnfO{ ;flxTodf syf elgG5 –zdf{ ,@)%) k[=!*_.
Pko'Qm ;Dk"0f{ syf kl/efiffsf] cWoogaf6 s] lgisif{ lng ;lsG5 eg] syf Pp6f :jod k"0f{,cy{o'Qm kf7 xf] . hf] jftfj/0f / kfqsf] kf/:kl/s d]ndf cfj4 cfVofg cGt{ut /xG5 t/ Ps a;fO{df kl9 ;lsg] x'g'kb{5 .
@=#=# eflifs ;Lk / syf ljwf
Effiff kf7\oqmd÷efiff kf7\ok':ts / n]vfO{ ;Lk
-s_ efiff kf7\oqmd
Efiff ljlgdosf] ;fwg / 1fg cfh{gsf] ;|f]t xf] . kf7\oqmd eg]sf] s'g} vf; z}lIfs p2]Zo k"/f ug{] p2]Zon] tof/ kfl/Psf] z}lIfs ljifo j:t'nfO{ lzIf0f u/fpg] of]hgf j4 b:tfj]h xf] . o;n] kf7\oqmd leq s] lzIf0f ug{] / s;/L lzIf0f ug{] ,lsg lzIf0f ug{] h:tf k|Zgsf ;fdfGo / ljlzi6 hjfkmx? Lbg] ub{5 .
o; ;DaGwdf s]bf/ k|;fb zdf{sf cg';f/ efiff kf7\oqmd eg]sf] s'g} klg tx jf sIffsf nflu efiff lzIf0f ug{] jf nlIft efiffsf ;Lkx? / ;demx? :t/ cg's'n ljsf; ug{sf nflu lgdf{0f ul/g] dfu{bz{s sfo{qmd xf] . –zdf{ / kf}8]n , @)^)M###_ .
(
kf7\os|d lzIffsf] p4]Zo k|flKtsf nflu agfO{Psf] z}lIfs sfo{qmd g} efiff kf7\oqmd xf] . -/fli6«o lzIff k4ltsf] of]hgf @)@*_
lzIffsf] p4]Zo k|flKtsf nflu ljBfno 4f/f pkof]u u/Lg] ;a} cg'ejnfO{ kf7\oqmd leq /flvPsf] x'g'k5{ -d'g/f]_
-v_ efiff kf7\ok':ts
Efiff lzIf0f ug{] p4]Zo 4f/f tof/ kfl/Psf] kf7\ok':tsnfO{ efiff kf7\ok':ts elgG5 . of] lzIfs / ljBfyL{ b'a}sf sIffdf k|:t't x'g] cflwsf/Ls ;fdu|L xf] . o; ;DaGwdf zdf{ / kf}8]n eG5g\ –æs'g} klg tx , sIff jf ;d"xsf nflu ljleGg eflifs p4]Zo /fv]/ lzIf0f ug{ tof/ kfl/Psf] efiff kf7\oqmdsf] dd{ cg'?k efiff kf7\ok':ts tof/ kfl/Psf] x'G5g . efiff kf7\oqmdsf] bfo/f leq /lx lgwf{l/t eflifs ljifo j:t'nfO{ ljBfyL{cg's'nsf kf7\of+zdf 9fn]/ qma4 Pjd\ Jojl:yt 9ª\un] ul/g] cWoog , cWofkg / cEof;df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg tof/ ul/Psf] pko{'Qm ;fdu|L g} efiff kf7\ok':ts xf] Æ – zdf{ / kf}8]n @)^)M#$!_ .
efiff kf7\ok':ts l;h{gfTds cleJolQmsf] ;Fufnf] geP/ o;df kf7\oqmdn] ck]Iff u/]sf p4]Zo k"/f ug{sf nflu pko'{Qm x'g] vfnsf] ljifo j:t' / ljBfx? 5gf]6sf ;fy} k:t'lts/0fdf klg ;f]lx cg'?k ljz]if ;r]ttf b]vfO{Psf ;sdu|Lx? x'G5g -clwsf/L ,@)%&_
@=#=$= n]vfO{ ;Lk / syf n]vg
-s_ n]vfO{ ;Lk
dgsf] s'/f lnlvt ?kdf JoQm ug'{ n]vg xf] . To;df sQf{ ,sd{ ,lqmofkbsf ;+u7gnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ n]lvG5 . lsgeg] n]vgsnfn] xfd|f] b}lgs hLjgdf 7"nf] dxTj /fVb5 . o;df efiffnfO{ ;fwg / ;fWo b'a} ?kdf ;dfj]z u/LPsf] 5 . efiffsf rf/ ;Lk ;'gfO{,af]nfO{,k9fO{ / n]vfO{ ;Fu efiff kf7\oqmd tyf kf7\ok':ts s]lGb|t 5 . oL dWo] ;'gfO{ / k9fO{ af]w jf cfbfgfTds k|s[ltsf eflifs ;Lk x'g eg] af]nfO{ / n]vfO{ cleJolQm d"ns jf k|bfgfTda k|s[ltsf eflifs ;Lk x'g . To:t} ;'gfO{ / af]nfO{ df}lvs x'g eg] k9fO{ / n]vfO{ lnKofTds ;Lk x'g -zdf{ / kf}8]n ,@)^),k[=(&_.
cfˆgf dg dl:tisdf /x]sf efj Pjd\ ljrf/nfO{ lnlklrXg x?sf] k|of]u 4f/f l;nl;nf ldnfP. n]Vg'nfO{ n]vfO{ elgG5 . o; qmddf cfkm"n] cg'ej u/]sf s'/fnfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fpg] qmddf lrq j0f{g ,cg'n]vg, >'ltn]vg, lr7L n]vg,k|ltj]bg n]vg, syf n]vg h:tf n]vg snf ;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{snfk u/fO{G5 . t;y{ M n]vg snfdfkm{t\ cfkm"n] cfh{]sf 1fg tyf cg'ejx?nfO{ l;h{gfTds k|of]hg tkm{ pGd"v u/fpg ;'gfO{ , af]nfO{,k9fO{ eGbf n]vfO{ ;Lksf] dxTj /x]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fdf b'O{ dt gxf]nf .
!)
-v_ dfWoflds txdf n]vfO{ lzIf0fsf] cfjZostf / dxTj
cfˆgf ljrf/ / cfkm"n] ef]u]sf s'/fx?sf] lnlvt ?k g} n]vfO{ xf] / o; n]vfO{nfO{ lnlklrXgsf cfwf/df ;lx lxHh]sf] klxrfg u/fO{ sQf{ , sd{ / lqmofkbsf ;'Gb/ ;+u7g ldnfP/ cfˆgf] ljrf/sf] cleJolQm ug{] Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug{] u/fpg] lzIf0fnfO{ n]vfO{lzIf0f elgG5 .
n]vgsnfsf] xfd|f] b}lgs Jojxf/df klg 7"nf] dxTj x'G5 . x/]s JolQmn] hLjgdf lbgfg'lbg cg]sf} Jojxf/x? lgjf{x ug'{ k5{ . h:t} M cfkmGtx?nfO{ v}va/ ug'{, ljleGg k|of]hgsf n]gb]n Pjd\ ;Demgfsf nflu k|df0f tyf clen]v x? /fVg', ljleb 36gfx?sf] l6kf]6 ug'{ , cfkm"nfO{ k/]sf lk/ dsf{af6 d'lQmsf nflu sfg'lg tyf k|zf;lgs pkrf/ vfHg' cflb . o:tf sfo{sf nflu lr7L , l6kf]6 , lgjGw cflbsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . hf] n]vgsnfaf6} ;Dej 5 - zdf{ / kf}8]n ,@)^)k[ !@#_
lg:sif{df eGg' kbf{ n]vgdf ljrf/ tyf cg'ejsf] cleJolQmnfO{ ;zQm agfpg n]Vo ljz]iftfnfO{ klg ;d]6\g' kb{5 . z}lIfs d"Nofª\sg ;Fu n]vg ;Lkn] ;f]emf] ;DaGw /fVb5{ . n]vg snf sdhf]/ eof] eg] s'g} klg tx k"/f ug{ sl7g k5{ . ct M k|f/lDes txaf6} n]vfO{ lzIf0fsf] cfjZostf / dxTj /x]sf] 5 .
-u_ dfWoflds txdf syf lzIf0fsf] k|of]hg
syf :jtGq k|s[ltsf] ljBf xf] . k|f/lDes sfo{snfkx?df j0f{ljGof;sf] z'4tf , lj/fd lrXgx?sf] pko'{t k|of]u cg'R5]b u7gdf pko'Qmtf , 7fpF 5f]8fO{ cflbsf ;fy;fy} lzIffyL{n] JoQm ug{ rfx]sf] cg'ej ljrf/ jf ;f]rfO{ h;/L ePklg JoQm ug{ k|f]T;flxt ug{' g} syf n]vgsf] d'Vo p4]Zo xf] . syf ljBfnfO{ efiff tyf ;flxTo lzIf0fsf b[li6n] ljljw p4]Zosf nflu pkof]u u/]sf] kfO{G5 . dgf]/~hg k|bfg ug'{ s'g} klg syf lzIf0fsf] k|d'v ljz]iftf xf] . vf;u/L ;flxlTos ljBfsf ?kdf o;sf] lzIf0fsf d"Vo k|of]hgx? lgDgfg';f/ 5g\ M
Ø syf lzIf0fsf] d'Vo k|of]hg n]vg snfsf] ljsf; ug'{ ,
Ø :jtGq ljrf/ k|s6 ug{] Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug'{,
Ø :ki6 / z'4 ?kdf n]Vo cleJolQm ug{ ;Sg] agfpg',
Ø :jtGq n]vgsf] ;';+ul7t ?k klxrfg / cjnDag ug{ l;sfpg' ,
Ø ;flxlTos ;h{sx?sf] /rgfsf cfwf/df ;ldIfTds tyf ljZn]if0ffTd ?kdf klxrfg ug{] Ifdtfsf] ljsf; u/fpg' ,
!!
@=#=%= oflGqs lgb{]lzt , :jtGq jf l;h{gfTds n]vgsf] kl/ro
lnlk lrXg ,j0f{ljGof; , ljifoj:t' / kfq h:tf kIfx?sf] cg's/0fdf cfwfl/t n]vgsf 9ª\u9fFrf jf k|ljlw kIfdf hf]8 lbO{g] n]vfnfO{ oflGqs n]vg elgG5 . efiff lzIf0fsf qmddf n]vf snf lzIf0f leq cIf/ n]vg , cg'n]vg , >'ltn]vg , ;fkmLn]vg , cflb sfo{snfkx? oflGqs n]vg ;Fu ;DalGWft dflgG5 .
lgb{]lzt n]vg ;'lglZrt 9ª\u9fFrf , k"j{lgwf{l/t ;+s]t / lzIfssf lgb{]zgcg';f/sf ;'lgZrt k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t x'g] n]vg xf] . of] cfEofl;s n]vg xf] . o;y{ a'Fbfsf cfwf/df ul/g] ;f/f+z , ;+If]lks/0f , lj:t[lts/0f , cg'R5]b , k|jGw , lgjGw cflb n]vg / j}olts ;d:of / lgbfgsf nflu ul/g] lr7L / lgj]bg /rgf klg lgb{]lzt n]vg cGt{ut kb{5 . o;af6 lj:tf/} :jtGq jf l;h{gfTds n]vgsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ cfwf/ tof/ x'G5 .
:jtGq jf l;h{gfTds n]vg s'g} vf; zLif{sdf cfwfl/t eP/ cfˆgf j}olQms cg'ej / ;'emsf cfwf/df s'g} k"j{ lgwf{l/t a'Fbfx?sf] lgoGq0f eGbf aflx/ /lx n]Vn] vfnsf] n]vg xf] . syf ,sljtf ,lgjGw, ;+jfb ,gf6s , ;dLIff , k|ltj]bg cflb n]vg o;sf pbfx/0f x'g / of] pRr:t/Lo n]vg dflgG5 -zdf{ / kf}8]n ,@)&@,!$^÷!$&_ .
!@
cWofo – tLg
lgisif{,;f/f+z,/ ;'emfj
#=! lgisif{,;f/f+z
sIff gf} sf] g]kfnL kf7\ok':tsdf cfwfl/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf zLif{sdf /x]/ cWoog ul/Psf] 5 . o; zLif{sdf /x]/ cWoog ug{] qmddf ltg cWofodf ljefhg u/L ljleGg zLif{s pkzLif{s /fvL k|i6 kfl/Psf] 5 . h;cGt{ut klxnf] cWofodf cWoogkqsf] kl/ro, ljifo k|j]z , ;d:of syg , cWoogsf] p4]Zo , cWoogsf] cf}lrTo , cWoogsf] ;Ldf ,h:tf zLif{s /flvPsf] 5 . cWofo b'O{df k"j{sfo{sf] ;dLIff / ;}4flGts k|f?k ,k"j{sfo{sf] ;dLIff , cWoogsf] pkfb]otf ,;}4flGts cjwf/0ff lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . o;df zAbx? ;ª\sng u/L pko'Qm k|lji6 lgwfg / cy{ljwfg ul/Psf] 5 . h;df ;dflji6 zAbx?sf] pRrf/0f , ;|f]t JofKtL ,kbju{ / cy{sf ;fy} pbfx/0f lbO{ j0ff{g'qmd cg';f/ /flv sf]if lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} clGtd cWofodf ;f/f+z , lgisif{ , ;'emfj / efjL cg';Gwfgsf nflu ;Defljt zLif{sx? cflb /flvP/ sf]z lgdf{0fsf] k|ls|ofnfO{ clGtd ?k lbOPsf] 5 .
sIff gf} sf] g]kfnL kf7\ok':tsdf cfwfl/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf zLif{sdf clGtd r/0f;Dd cfOk'Ubf ljleGg ;d:of sl7gfO{ kl/>d vlr{g' k/]sf] 5 . o;} t syf n]vg k|ls|of ;xh ljifo xf]Og t/ ;xh ljifo xf]Og eGb}df ug{ g;lsg] sfo{ sfo{ klg xf]Og t/ clt hl6n / s|da4tf uDeL/ of]hgfa4 / bL3{sflng ;fwg / ;fWon] dfq k"0f{tfdf k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 .
k|:t't\ zf]w cWoogdf ^) hgf 5fq 5fqf x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] l:yltsf] ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . ljZn]if0fssf s|ddf pQd , dWood , ;fdfGo / Go"g u/L >]0fL lgwf{/0f u/L ;+/rgf , qmda4tf , ;+jfb , / eflifs z'4tfaf6 d"Nofª\sg ubf{ ax';+Vo ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtf;fdfGo dfq /x]sf] b]lvof] . cWoog cWofkgsf] s|ddf ljBfyfL{x?df syf ;DalGw wf/0ffTds 1fgsf] ljsf; u/fPsf] elgPklg ljBfyL{x?sf] n]vd snfdf eg] vf;} Wofg lbOPsf] kfOPg . g]kfnL dft[efifL ljBfyL{x? eflifs z'4tf ljifo ;+of]hg / k|:t'lts/0fdf dWood b]lvP eg] dft[eflifsf] t'ngfdf eflifs z'4tfdf sdhf]/ kfOP . of] ;fgf]ltgf] sfo{sf] k|ltkmn geP/ o;df lg/Gt/ cWoog , kl/>d , ldx]g]t / ;do vlr{g' kb{5 . o; sfo{ ;DkGg ug{sf nflu ;DalGwt ljifodf uxg cWoog cle?lr Ifdtf ePsf JolQmsf] ;+nUgtf x'g' cfjZostf 7xl/G5 .
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#=@ ;'emfj
;nf{xL lhNnf xl/jg g=kf=sf ;/sf/L ljBfnodf sIff gf}df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] cWoog zLif{ssf] k|:t't zf]w cWoogaf6 k|fKt lgisif{sf] cfwf/df ljBfyL{x?df syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] ljsf; u/fpg ;DalGwt ;a} kIf -;/sf/ ,kf7\oqmd ljsf;s]Gb| , lzIff sfo{no , ;|f]t s]Gb| , lzIfs , cleefjs ,ljBfyL{ cflb_ nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ ;'emfjx? K|f:t't ug{ ;lsG5 .
v efiff kf7\ok':tsdf eflifs ;Lkx?dWo] n]vfO{ ;LknfO{ ljz]if dxTjsf ;fy ;dfj]z ul/g'kg{] b]lvG5 .
v efiff kf7\ok':ts lgdf{0f ubf{ ljBfyL{sf] pd]/,?rL,If]q,eflifs k[i7e"ld ;a} kIfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL kf7\oj:t'sf] 5gf]6 / :t/0f ul/g' kb{5 .
v dfWoflds txsf] kl/Iffdf ;dfj]z ul/g] g]kfnL efiff ljifosf] k|Zgk|qdf syf n]vg;DalGw k|ZgnfO{ P]lR5s gul/ clgjo{ ul/g' kb{5 .
v k/Dk/fut 3f]sGQ] k|j[ltnfO{ lg?T;flxt ul/ l;h{gfTds Ifdtfsf] clej[l4nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' kb{5 .
v ;do –;dodf ljBfnodf syf n]vg k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ul/g'kb{5 .
v ck"0f{ syfnfO{ k"0f{ agfpg'k5{ .
v :jtGq / l;h{gfTds syfn]vg tkm{ ljBfyL{nfO{ k|]l/t ul/g' kb{5 .
#=# eflj cg';Gwfgsf nflu ;Defljt zLif{sx?
cg';Gwfg Ps lg/Gt/ rln/xg] k|ls|of xf] . s'g} klg cWoog cfkm}df k"0f{ / cGTo x'b}Fg . o;nfO{ ;a} kIfaf6 lg/Gt/tf lbg' ;fGble{s 7x5{ . To;}n] k|:t't cWoog ;Fu lg6sjlt{ zLif{sx? lgDgfg';f/ 5gf]6 ul/Psf 5g .
· sIff !) df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] ;f/f+z n]vg Ifdtfsf] cWoog ,
· sIff !) df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?sf] lgjGw n]vg Ifdtfsf] cWoog ,
· sIff & k"/f u/]sf ljBfyL{x?sf] cg'R5]b n]vg Ifdtfsf] cWoog,
· ;/sf/L tyf lglh ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x?sf] syf n]vg Ifdtfsf] t'ngfTds cWoog,
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;Gbe{ ;fdu|L ;"rL
Ef§/fO{ 8L=kL , 9'ª\u]n l8lNn/fd -@)%%_ sIff ( sf] Jofs/0f .
Ef08f/L 8f= kf/;dl0f kf]V/]n , s]zj/fh / pd]z -@)&%_, cg';Gwfg ljlw .
kf]V/]n , s]zj/fh / sfˆn] pd]z -@)&$_, efiff lzIf0f .
uf}td,6Lsf/fd -@)&#_, ;dfhzf:q / dfgjzf:q , cg';Gwfg k4lt , sf7df8f} M ljBfyL{ k':ts e08f/ .
qm];n , h] 8An' -;g\ @)!&_, Oh's];gn l/;a{ OlG8of M lko;{g .
kf]v/]n s]zj/fh - @)&$_ , eflifs cg';Gwfgsf] If]q , k|1fg"Tg jif{ @ cª\s !
kGt , k|]d/fh -;g\ @)!^_, ;f]';n ;fOG; ;/h{ PG8 y]l;; /fOl6ª , sf7df8f} Ma'4 klAns]zg .
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